Current research objectives evaluated the humeral immunity induced by two different vaccination methods and estimated efficiency of commercially available Newcastle disease (ND) vaccine. A total number 90-day-old unvaccinated chicks were divided equally into 3 groups; each group was vaccinated with methods, while control group. Serum collected from all groups, five chickens slaughtered. ELISA m...

pyrE (STM3733) encodes orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (OPRTase; EC 2.4.2.10), the fifth enzyme of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. We identified a ΔpyrE mutant as under selection in screening of a Salmonella mutant library in 4-day old chicks. Here, we confirm that a ΔpyrE mutant colonizes 4-day old chicks poorly in competitive infection with isogenic wild type, and that the abil...

This study was conducted to determine the effects of sumac, yeast, and onion supplementation broiler chicken feeds on performance. Four hundred fifty, one-day-old Ross 308 chicks were obtained from Yagoo Group Hatchery in Sulaymaniyah Province randomly distributed into three treatment groups (150 for each group) with six replicates (each 25 chicks). Chicks raised floor cages (210 × 200 100 cm)....

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of fusaric acid (FA) in broiler chicks (Exp. 1) and turkey poults (Exp. 2). In each experiment, 100 day-old birds were allotted randomly to dietary treatments containing 0, 100, 200, 300, or 400 mg FA/kg of feed. Each dietary treatment was fed to 4 pen replicates of 5 birds each for 21 days. Fusaric acid had no effect (P > 0.05) on feed int...

Vertebrate mothers transfer diverse compounds to developing embryos that can affect their development and final phenotype (i.e., maternal effects). However, the way such effects modulate offspring phenotype, in particular their immunity, remains unclear. To test the impact of maternal effects on offspring development, we treated wild breeding house sparrows (Passer domesticus) in Sevilla, SE Sp...

Ostrich chick mortality was studied in 2522 chicks that were hatched artificially during the 1999/2000 breeding season. High levels of mortality were observed, with 1978 (78.4 %) of these chicks dying before 90 days after hatching. A total of 46.7 % (1,177) of these chicks died before 28 days of age, and a further 30.7% (801) died between 28 and 90 days post-hatching. Chick mortality to 28 days...

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate immune responses in chicks fed fumonisin B1 (FB1). Day-old male chicks were randomly allotted to dietary treatments: 0, 50, 100, or 200 mg FB1/kg diet. In Experiment 1, chicks were fed diets for 3 wk and were injected intravenously with 4.6x10(6) Escherichia coli on Day 21. Blood samples were collected at 60, 120, and 180 min postinjection, and liver...

Chen Z., Jiang Y.-Y., Zhou Y.-W., Liang C., Xie L.-J. (2017): Effects of heat stress on somatostatin and some related immune factors in the small intestine of Wenchang chicks. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 62, 446–455. To investigate the effects of heat stress (HS) on developmental changes in immune functions of chick intestinal mucosa, one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned into control chec...

The small intestine of 3-week-old gnotobiotic chicks was divided into five equal segments for analysis. Since it has been found that most fat absorption occurs in the third and fourth segments, they were selected for study. The major fatty acids in the diet and the feces of chicks were palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids. Consequently, these fatty acids were selected for quantitative a...

Canthaxanthin (Cxn) is a fat-soluble red carotenoid pigment and is reported to be immunomodulatory. Broiler breeder hens were fed 0 ppm (Control), 6 ppm or 12 ppm Cxn to determine the effect of maternal dietary Cxn on chicks hatched from hens at 31 (Early), 45 (Mid) and 57 (Late) wk of age. Whole blood was obtained at 1 and 4 d of age to assess the number of cells able to engulf at least one Es...