using C02 laser difference generation in metal-insulator-metal diodes either from the difference between a fixed frequency C02 laser and a tunable waveguide laser, or from the difference between two fixed frequency C02 lasers plus microwave sidebands. is being used to make highly accurate FIR frequency measurements of stable species to serve as frequency and wavelength calibration standards; to...

the aim of the present study was to determine the appropriate standardized ileal digestible lysine requirement to 49 day of olds in male but,6 turkey poults. experiment 1 and 2 were used  from 8-28 and 28-49 d-old respectively. one hundred sixty male but,6 turkeys in each experiment were used in a completely randomized design with eight treatments (8 levels of standardized ileal digestible lysi...

Gaseous ammonia has previously been demonstrated as a compelling gain medium for quantum cascade laser pumped molecular (QPML) exhibiting good power efficiency. Here, we explore the potential of QPML to produce powerful, broadly tunable terahertz frequency lasing on rotational and pure inversion transitions. After theoretically predicting possible frequencies, pump thresholds, efficiencies, exp...

there are limited documents about hiv patients switched to second-line antiretroviral therapy (art) in resource-limited countries. we aimed to assess the efficacy of second-line art for hiv patients following first-line art failure. this was a cohort study of hiv/aids patients with first-line art treatment failure switched to second-line art between january 2004 and march 2014, who followed for...

An optical tunable delay line based on a side-coupled integrated spaced sequence of resonator (SCISSOR) structure in which pairs of resonances are tuned in opposite directions around the signal frequency is proposed and analyzed. It is shown that this balanced SCISSOR design mitigates the deleterious effects of group delay dispersion and provides both wide bandwidth and continuously tunable lon...

An electro-optic tunable single and multi-channel optical filter based on one-dimensional defective photonic crystal (1DDPC) structure is proposed. A couple of externally tunable defects in arrangement of (AB)5D1(BA)D2(BA)5, where A and B are dielectric materials, D1 and D2 are the tunable defects are used. The defects are composed of the ferroelectric LiNbO3 crystals and two pairs of thin Ag l...

Abstract A simple and feasible scheme for the generation manipulation of phonon lasering is proposed investigated based on a generic three-mode cavity magnomechanical system, in which magnon mode couples simultaneously with microwave mode. In sharp contrast to all previous schemes only single drive, input pump field system split into two driving fields drive mode, respectively. The impact chang...

a complete procedure for the design of w-band low noise amplifier in mmic technology is presented. the design is based on a simultaneously power and noise matched technique. for implementing the method, scalable bilateral transistor model parameters should be first extracted. the model is also used for transmission line utilized in the amplifier circuit. in the presented method, input/output ma...