We study magneto-optical coupling in a ferrimagnetic sphere resonator made of Yttrium iron garnet. find that the can be operated telecom band as polarization-selective optical modulator. Intermodulation gain employed nonlinear regime for amplification.

Various types of photonic applications, such as sensing and communication, require the generation wideband optical frequency-modulated (FM) signals. However, generating a FM signal beyond electrical bandwidth limitation modulators is difficult. Here, we propose method to increase bandwidths signals by using cascaded four-wave-mixing (FWM) process show its potential in two applications. We first...

There has been a significant improvement in high-speed electronics and optical components over the past few years, and this is one of the key enabling factors for high data rate transmission. Moreover, multilevel modulation formats, which encode information onto the carrier’s amplitude and phase, are necessary to increase the spectral efficiency of communication systems. For short-haul low cost...

As optical communications systems begin to fill the available bandwidth in an optical fiber by transmitting either 40 Gb/s on 200 GHz channel spacings or 10 Gb/s on 50 GHz channel spacings, the optical phase response of the components deployed in the systems will need to be carefully controlled. The dominant method of obtaining this optical phase measurement is commonly called the modulation ph...

This paper presents the environment of the optical fiber and digital information transmission over optical fiber, using signal transformation technique called duobinary modulation technique. We propose a complete duobinary encoder and duobinary decoder that we tested in Matlab simulink R2014B. In the final part, it will be shown a comparison of duobinary modulation technique with on-off keying ...

Types of Modulation. Figure 7.1 illustrates two alternative ways to generate a modulated optical signal. In Fig. 7.1 (a), the laser is turned on and off by modulating its current; this method is known as direct modulation. In Fig. 7.l(b), the laser is on at all times, a so-called continuous wave (CW) laser, and the light beam is modulated with a kind of optoelectronic shutter, a so-called modul...

We describe a new mode of optical lithography called absorbance-modulation optical lithography (AMOL) in which a thin film of photochromic material is placed on top of a conventional photoresist and illuminated simultaneously by a focal spot of wavelength lambda1 and a ring-shaped illumination of wavelength lambda2. The lambda1 radiation converts the photochromic material from an opaque to a tr...