In this paper, transistor lasers (TLs) are used as an optical modulator for generation of ASK(Amplitude Shift Keying) and FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) optical signals. Our analysis is based on continuity equation, rate equations, and the theory of discontinuity of quasi-fermi level at the abrupt junction. Our simulation results indicate that, the specification of ASK and FSK optical signals, ar...

in this study, the nonlinear optical properties and optical limiting performance of the silver nanoparticles (agnps) in distilled water are investigated. the nonlinear absorption coefficient of the colloid is measured by the z-scan technique. the optical limiting behavior of the agnp suspension is investigated under exposure to nanosecond laser pulses at 532 nm. the results show that nonlinear ...

we report the growth and characterization of cu nanoparticles thin film of on glass substrate by pulse laser deposition method. the cu thin film prepared with different energy 50, 60, 70, and 80 mj. the energy effect on the morphological, structural and optical properties were studied by afm, xrd and uv-visible spectrophotometer. surface topography studied by atomic force microscopy revealed na...

graphyne and graphdiyne families of flat carbon (sp2/sp) networks with high degrees of π-conjunction are attracting much attention due to their promising electronic, optical, and mechanical properties. in the present investigation we have studied the structural, mechanical, electrical and optical properties of halogenated graphdiyne and graphyne. the optical spectra of pure and halogenated stru...

Background and Aims: Biomolecules' optical and nonlinear optical properties are widely used for different medical diagnoses and applications in biophotonic devices. These properties are essential in studying biological processes in living tissues. Aside from biomolecules' linear optical characteristics, their nonlinear optical characteristics have lately been considered. Materials and Methods:...

zno and zno: mn nanocrystals synthesized via reverse micelle method. the structural properties nanocrystals were investigated by xrd and transmission electron microscopy (tem). the xrd results indicate that the synthesized nanocrystals had a pure wurtzite (hexagonal phase) structure. the various optical properties of these nanocrystals such as optical band gap energy, refractive index, dielectr...

calcium carbonate nano-particles were synthesized by a reverse micro-emulsion method at room temperature with tween® 80 and span® 80 as co-surfactants. the nano-particles synthesized were surface modified by stearic acid. an important operating variable in the span 80-tween 80/toluene/water reverse micro-emulsion system, the ω-value (water/surfactant molar ratio) was investigated. the material ...

nanocrystalline particles of cerium oxide (ceo2) have been prepared by the chemical precipitation method using cerium nitrate and urea with a molar ratio of 1:2. the results revealed that the formation of ceo2 fine particles is influenced by molar ratio of metal nitrates to fuel. well faceted ceo2 nanoparticles, were synthesized by thermal-assisted dissociation method at reflux temperature in a...