The distribution of the Russian loan vocabulary within Saami languages centers on Skolt, Akkala, Kildin, and Ter Saami. In Skolt Saami, this loanword stratum forms largest contains more than 750 lexemes. Despite significance stratum, there has hardly been any actual analysis loanwords in languages. This paper aims to fill gap by presenting an overview from a phonological, morphological, semanti...

Acoustic analysis of [tSi] tokens produced in native words by two generations of Japanese speakers reveals a systematic influence of prosodic structure on the duration of frication following the release of consonant closure. This phonetic gradience supports a phonological contrast in loanwords that is absent from the native system. Implications of the data for phonological theories of loanword ...

Phonological processes and structures are often limited to a particular set of a language’s words, such as loanwords, Latinate words in English, or Yamato words in Japanese. Typically, the etymologically older, or “core” set of words is more restricted in the structures that it permits, and is (hence) subject to more processes. To capture such restrictions in Optimality Theory, Itô and Mester (...

An interesting puzzle of Hungarian phonology is gemination in recent loanwords borrowed from English, German (and occasionally, from French). A consonant following a short stressed vowel is often geminated in the loanword, even if the consonant doubling does not have an orthographic reflex in the source word, i.e. the consonant in question is not spelt as a double letter in the source word. Unl...

Japanese words are either accented (HL tonal melody: H | a m L | e ‘rain’ ) or unaccented (H tonal melody: a m H | e ‘candy’). Whereas the locus of accent (i.e. mora that bears H tone before a L tone, represented henceforth by acute accent) is lexically determined in native and Sino-Japanese nouns (e.g. híru ‘leech’; hirú ‘noon’), in loanwords it is predictable enough to suggest a grammatical e...

This paper argues that automatic phonetic comparison will only return true results if the languages in question have similar and comparably lenient phonologies. In the situation where their phonologies are incompatible and / or restrictive, linguistic knowledge of both of them is necessary to obtain results matching human perception. Whilst the case is mainly exemplified by Levenshtein distance...

Due to Pashto-English language contact, a large number of words are borrowed from English into Afghani Pashto. These loanwords undergo certain types variation. This study aims at phonemic variations in A corpus 90 was collected ten audio-video programs TV channels. They were news and discussion panels. The conversation Pashto speakers observed for the collection corpus. data analyzed according ...

Loanwords often go under the adaptation process with native words. In loanwords adaptation, phonology has a vital role. The loanword highlights more features in particular language. phonological pattern of is novel. It reflection phonology. English are adapted Lasi. This paper addresses questions: Which sounds substituted Lasi? and How substitutions occur data collected through observation inte...

Generative accounts of loanword phonology typically focus on the role of an individual speaker's grammar and/or perceptual biases in generating the phonological adaptations seen in loanwords. While these types of generative models can be successfully used to explain static synchronic patterns in loanword adaptations in terms of the set of existing constraints in the native phonology, it is more...