Stress-related biophysical variables of capital intensive orchard crops can be estimated with proxies via spectral vegetation indices from off-nadir viewing satellite imagery. However, variable viewing compositions affect the relationship between spectral vegetation indices and stress-related variables (i.e., chlorophyll content, water content and Leaf Area Index (LAI)) and could obstruct chang...

In view of the current interest in boron as one of the elements essential for the normal growth of plants, and as a factor concerned in the occurrence of physiological disorders of the apple, the writers have determined the boron content of this fruit at various stages in its development. The material used was fruit of the variety Golden Russet originally collected by one of us (DELONG) for ano...

The current study is the first to describe fertility dynamics in a Silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) seed orchard and among few reporting related information from mature orchard. research aim was evaluate female cone production order provide support future management measures. Observations were conducted clonal Eastern Carpathians over six years; all ramets of 44 clones zero-inflated data analyzed ...

The continuous rise in the world’s population has increased need for food, resulting a of agricultural holdings to ensure supply these goods directly populations and indirectly all processing industries food business. This situation led agriculture reinvent itself introduce new technics tools tighter control crops increase yields production. However, lack labor coupled with evolution weeds resi...

Scattered trees support high levels of farmland biodiversity and ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes, but they are threatened by agricultural intensification, urbanization, and land abandonment. This study aimed to map and quantify the decline of orchard meadows (scattered fruit trees of high nature conservation value) for a region in Southwestern Germany for the 1968 2009 period and ...

Mapping is a significant issue in mobile robot applications. Mobile robots can build a map or a model of the environment using different sensors. An orchard is a suitable agricultural environment for mobile robot applications since it is a semi-structured environment, where trees are planted in nominally straight rows. This paper presents a new method to extract features from the orchard enviro...

The recent divergence of Orchard (Icterus spurius spurius) and Fuertes’s Orioles (I. s. fuertesi) makes them an ideal system for investigating species boundaries. Orchard and Fuertes’s Orioles differ in several respects. They have distinct breeding ranges—Fuertes’s Orioles breed in eastern coastal Mexico, whereas Orchard Orioles breed throughout eastern and central North America—and differ in p...

Current control practices are discussed for the California ground squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi) which is considered a major rodent pest to agriculture. The primary control options are poison baits, burrow fumigation and trapping. The effectiveness of baits and fumigants is linked closely with the squirrel's annual life cycle, hence knowledge of their cycle is essential. The elements of the s...