PURPOSE To use a large wave-front database of a clinical population to investigate relationships between refractions and higher-order aberrations and between aberrations of right and left eyes. METHODS Third- and fourth-order aberration coefficients and higher-order root-mean-squared aberrations (HO RMS), scaled to a pupil size of 4.5-mm diameter, were analyzed in a population of approximatel...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between refractive errors and high-order aberrations in infant rhesus monkeys. Specifically, we compared the monochromatic wave aberrations measured with a Shack-Hartman wavefront sensor between normal monkeys and monkeys with vision-induced refractive errors. Shortly after birth, both normal monkeys and treated monkeys reared with o...

Purpose To compare corneal aberrations in former preterm infants to that of full-term infants. Methods A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out measuring the corneal shape with Scheimpflug imaging in former preterm infants of gestational age (GA) ≤32 weeks and full-term infants with GA ≥37 weeks now being aged between 4 to 10 years. The main outcome measures were corneal aberration...

VIII. IX. X. XI. XII. Sign Conventions Aberration-Free Image Spherical Wavefront, Defocus, and Lateral Shift Angular, Transverse, and Longitudinal Aberration Seidel Aberrations A. Spherical Aberration B. Coma C. Astigmatism D. Field Curvature E. Distortion Zernike Polynomials Relationship between Zernike Polynomials and Third-Order Aberrations Peak-to-Valley and RMS Wavefront Aberration Strehl ...

The resolution of conventional electron microscopes is usually limited by spherical aberration. Microscopes equipped with aberration correctors are then primarily limited by higher order, chromatic, and misalignment aberrations. In particular the Nion third-order aberration correctors installed on machines with a low energy spread and possessing sophisticated alignment software were limited by ...