OBJECTIVE To determine clinical and biochemical factors influencing cerebral edema formation during diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children. STUDY DESIGN We used magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging to quantify edema formation. We measured the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of brain water during and after DKA treatment in 26 children and correlated ADC changes with clinical and...

A set of physicochemical properties describing a protein of known structure is employed for a calibrative approach to protein solubility. Common hydrodynamic and electrophoretic properties routinely measured in the bio-analytical laboratory such as zeta potential, dipole moment, the second osmotic virial coefficient are first estimated in silico as a function a pH and solution ionic strength st...

Since there exists in the literature some discrepancies in the formulation of the relation between diffusion, sedimentation, and friction of colloidal particles in solution, we rederive the relation between these transport phenomena in this paper. From the application of irreversible thermodynamics it is shown, that the relation between the experimentally accessible quantities like diffusion co...

Plant cell vacuoles occupy up to 90% of the cell volume and, beyond their physiological function, are constantly subjected to water and solute exchange. The osmotic flow and vacuole volume dynamics relies on the vacuole membrane -the tonoplast- and its capacity to regulate its permeability to both water and solutes. The osmotic permeability coefficient (Pf ) is the parameter that better charact...

Water scarcity and salinity are important limitations for saffron (Crocus sativus L.) production in arid and semi-arid regions. The purpose of this research was to study the interaction effects of water salinity and deficit irrigation on the macroscopic water extraction model for saffron. The effect of salinity and water stress on root-water uptake coefficient was determined by additive and mul...

in this research, pomegranate arils are dehydrated by osmotic dehydration in 40, 50, and 60 % sucrose ‎solutions and at 45, 55 and 65 degrees c‎‏ ‏‎ and weight reduction, solids grain and water loss of the products ‎were measured at 60, 120 and 180 minutes of process. osmotic dehydration processes was modeled by ‎combination of neural network and fuzzy logic techniques (neuro-fuzzy) and respons...

Based on a distributed model of peritoneal transport, in the present report, a mathematical theory is presented to explain how the osmotic agent in the peritoneal dialysis solution that penetrates tissue induces osmotically driven flux out of the tissue. The relationships between phenomenological transport parameters (hydraulic permeability and reflection coefficient) and the respective specifi...

We present results of the hybrid Monte Carlo/molecular dynamics simulations of the osmotic pressure of salt solutions of polyelectrolytes. In our simulations, we used a coarse-grained representation of polyelectrolyte chains, counterions and salt ions. During simulation runs, we alternate Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulation steps. Monte Carlo steps were used to perform small ion excha...