Carcinoid tumor is one of the commonly encountered primary pulmonary neoplasms. Although it has been known to be accompanied by calcification and/or ossification, presentation with a large ossified mass is rare. We describe here the case of a 29-year-old female with the radiological finding of a single bony nodular lesion. Pathological examination of the surgically resected specimen led to the ...

Paraneoplastic syndromes are generally defined as clinical disorders associated with malignant diseases, and hypocalcemia associated with cancer is a rare condition. A woman in her 60s was referred to our hospital for the further examination of massive ascites due to carcinoma of unknown primary origin. She complained of numbness around her lips, and marked hypocalcemia of 5.0 mg/dL was noted. ...

A 49-year-old man presented with an incidentally detected right renal mass on a health examination. The abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a 3-cm right renal mass suspected of being a hypovascular tumor, such as papillary renal cell carcinoma, and an osteoblastic metastatic lesion on the right iliac bone. However, we missed a bone lesion at the time of diagnosis...

Metastasis is a final stage of tumor progression. Breast and prostate cancer cells preferentially metastasize to bone, wherein they cause incurable osteolytic and osteoblastic lesions. The bone matrix is rich in factors, such as transforming growth factor-beta and insulin-like growth factors, which are released into the tumor microenvironment by osteolysis. These factors stimulate the growth of...

We report a case of traumatic humeral neck fracture occurring in a patient with osteopoikilosis after a motorcycle accident. The radiograph revealed the fracture but also multiple bone lesions. A few years before, the patient had been operated for a maldiagnosed chondrosarcoma of the humeral head. Osteopoikilosis is a rare benign hereditary bone disease, whose mode of inheritance is autosomal d...

Bone metastasis occurs in the majority of late-stage tumors with poor prognosis. It is mainly classified as osteoblastic metastasis and osteolytic metastasis. The pathogenesis of osteolytic metastasis is a "vicious cycle" between tumor cells and bone cells (primarily the osteoclasts), which is mediated by secretory factors. The P62 adapter protein is a versatile multitasker between tumor cells ...

Bony metastases in association with a lesion in the lung are usually regarded as secondary to bronchial carcinoma. This is generally true when the metastases are osteolytic. However, in the presence of a solitary lung lesion with osteoblastic metastases, the diagnosis of bronchial carcinoid should be considered. The following case illustrates this point.

Exosomes from cancer cells, which contain microRNA and reach metastasis loci prior to cancer cells, stimulate the formation of a metastatic microenvironment. Previous studies have shown that exosomal miR-141-3p is associated with metastatic prostate cancer (PCa). However, the role and regulatory mechanism of miR-141-3p in the microenvironment of bone metastases require further study. In this st...

This pilot prospective evaluation study is to verify the efficiency of (18)F-Alfatide II, a specific PET imaging agent for integrin αvβ3, in detecting bone metastasis in human, with comparison to (18)F-FDG PET. Thirty recruited patients underwent (18)F-FDG and (18)F-alfatide II PET/CT successively within days. The final diagnosis of bone lesions was established based on the comprehensive assess...