OBJECTIVES To provide the first nationally representative data on total health care expenses, out-of-pocket health care expenses, and information on the extent to which out-of-pocket expenses are financially burdensome for families of children with special health care needs (CSHCN). To also compare utilization and expenditure patterns for children with and without special health care needs. D...

Out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures for healthcare continue to be the most significant means of healthcare issue in the developing world and constitute a large share of their living financial plan (1, 2). The healthcare expenditures are largely unpredictable and usually have a negative impact on the poor households, while large expenditures have catastrophic impacts on household welfare. A sudden ...

BACKGROUND More than 72% of health expenditure in India is financed by individual households at the time of illness through out-of-pocket payments. This is a highly regressive way of financing health care and sometimes leads to impoverishment. Health insurance is recommended as a measure to protect households from such catastrophic health expenditure (CHE). We studied two Indian community healt...

Background: Physiotherapy services constitute a principle part of health care systems, and interest in their use has increased in the recent decades.  This study was conducted to investigate the utilization and OOP payment for physiotherapy services in public hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran.    Methods: This cross-sectional study was c...

Out-of-pocket expenses in healthcare show the level of direct payments by individuals paying for services that are not covered insurance. In Republic Serbia, high out-of-pocket is present considering dominant Bismarck model system and user income. Previous research shows significant impact socio-economic indicators afecting expenses. The objective to perform a cross-sectional analysis economic,...

BACKGROUND To promote skilled attendance at births and reduce maternal deaths, the government of Ghana introduced the free maternal care policy under the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in 2008. The objective is to eliminate financial barriers associated with the use of services. But studies elsewhere showed that out of pocket (OOP) payments still exist in the midst of fee exemptions. T...

I n France, complementary health insurance, with the exception of CMU-C1 is privately funded. It covers health care and medical goods expenditures not covered by the Statutory Health Insurance scheme, also referred to as out-of-pocket (OOP) payments. Between 1980 and 2008, OOP payments increased from 217 € to 547 € per person per year, at comparative price levels2 (EcoSanté, Health Expenditure ...