Auditing energy usage of farming operations is a key step towards agricultural sustainability. The current systems tomato production use considerable quantity energy. As result, improving efficiency crucial stage in decreasing consumption production. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) model an established methodology to assess crop In this study, the bounded adjusted measure (BAM) applied for as w...

 For all age groups above 65, Social Security remains the primary source of income. In 2009, households ages 65–74 and households with members age 85 or above received 54 percent and 66 percent of their total household incomes, respectively, from Social Security benefits.  The importance of Social Security income increases with age. For households that had members ages 65– 69 in 2001, the sha...

An inverse relationship between human and financial investment and productivity, in the form of new drug approvals, has been a consistent theme in drug discovery for more than a decade. There appear to be many causes and solutions for this, but few tangible outcomes. Although Food and Drug Administration regulators, the constraints resulting from short-term business decisions, and the harvestin...

Since 1999, China has spent RMB 50 billion (about US$7 billion) to implement the ‘Grain for Green’ programme, the largest land retirement programme in the developing world. From 1999 to 2003, over 7.2 million hectares of agricultural land were retired under the programme. However, many farmers report that they did not receive the compensation promised under the programme in exchange for plantin...

This paper addresses the question, whether and how employees use second job holdings to smooth out consumption shortfalls from non-anticipated wage shocks in their main employment. The analysis is based on the panel estimation of a dual job labour supply model a unique nationally representative data sets from Ukraine which contains detailed information on wage non-payment. The analysis accounts...

Measuring and monitoring socioeconomic health inequalities are critical for understanding the impact of policy decisions. However, the measurement of health inequality is far from value neutral, and one can easily present the measure that best supports one's chosen conclusion or selectively exclude measures. Improving people's understanding of the often implicit value judgments is therefore imp...

Even though market segmentation is one of the most established concepts in marketing, there are still some shortfalls in the body of research, which create a gap between theory and practice and lead to failure in the implementation of segmentation. The concept of strategic segmentation is specified as key in resolving these issues. It is shown that in any form of strategic segmentation, the fol...

The honeybee genome has substantially fewer protein coding genes ( approximately 11 000 genes) than Drosophila melanogaster ( approximately 13 500) and Anopheles gambiae ( approximately 14 000). Some of the most marked differences occur in three superfamilies encoding xenobiotic detoxifying enzymes. Specifically there are only about half as many glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs), cytochrome P45...

Parameterised session types is a type theory studied in the context of multiparty session types, that addresses statically the problem of type-safe, deadlock-free interactions in programs of an arbitrary number of processes. The previous work supporting parameterised session types has several shortfalls that limit their utility in practice. We eliminate the shortfalls by introducing a programmi...

This paper explores the axiomatic foundation of multidimensional poverty indices. Departing from the income approach which measures poverty by aggregating shortfalls of incomes from a predetermined poverty-line income, a multidimensional index is a numerical representation of shortfalls of basic needs from some pre-speci®ed minimum levels. The class of subgroup consistent poverty indices introd...