Mouse bioassay remains the gold standard for determining proof of infectivity, strain type, and infectious titer estimation in prion disease research. The development of an approach using ex vivo cell-based assays remains an attractive alternative, both in order to reduce the use of mice and to hasten results. The main limitation of a cell-based approach is the scarcity of cell lines permissive...

OBJECTIVES To assess the incidence of genitourinary infections associated with transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-BX) using endorectal povidone-iodine gel as a bactericidal agent. METHODS We prospectively studied a total of 530 patients who were given 30g of 10% povidone-iodine intrarectally before TRUS-BX. Each patient received antibiotic prophylaxis with ciprofloxacin, star...

At present very little information is available on the prevalence and pattern of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in many countries of tropical Africa. The available evidence does, however, suggest that these diseases are highly prevalent and that a considerable reservoir of infection exists among the female population. Gonorrhoea is probably the most commonly recognised STD in tropical Afr...

David T. Cooke, Francis D. Pagani, Daniel R. Kaul, Kenneth R. Cooke, Christine L. Lau and James Riddell IV Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Davis, CA, USA, Section of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Department ...

Epididymitis is a common and morbid condition seen across a wide age range. There are multiple etiologies that may lead to inflammation of the epididymis, including infection, trauma, autoimmune disease, and vasculitis. Although there have been multiple advances in imaging of the scrotum and detection of urinary pathogens, a large portion of cases remain idiopathic. Management of epididymitis i...

AIM To present the surveillance data on Brucella melitensis, B. suis, and B. ovis infection in cattle, sheep, goats, and swine in Croatia obtained in 2008 by serological, bacteriological, and molecular methods for diagnostics of brucellosis in domestic animals. METHODS We serologically tested 42,785 cattle serums, 22,686 sheep and goat serums, and 28520 swine serums using the Rose Bengal test...

INTRODUCTION Amiodarone is an effective drug for life-threatening arrhythmias like recurrent ventricular fibrillation and atrial fibrillation. Amiodarone creates rarely genitourinary side effects are seen. These are epididymitis, testicular dysfunction and impotance. Amiodarone aggregates and triggers inflammation in the head of the epididym. CASE REPORT We present the case of a patient who d...