Because of difficulty in inspection and retrofit of foundation in comparison with other elements, the common design philosophy is to avoid any nonlinear deformation in the foundation. This paper shows that by employing controlled foundation nonlinearity, in predetermined sections with arrangements for inspection and retrofit, it is possible to reduce seismic demand on superstructure. Localizing...

This paper study the recent seismicity in Earthquake hazard zones in India. A large historical earthquake event catalog to cover the period of 1900-2018, the parameters date, time, latitude, longitude, depth and magnitude has been used to calculating frequency-magnitude distribution (b-value) of seismic hazard zones in India. To convert different magnitude scales into a single moment magnitude ...

We used partial sequences of the cytochrome b mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene, obtained from 76 individuals representing 45 populations of Iberian Salamandra salamandra plus 15 sequences of additional species of Salamandra and related genera, to investigate contact zones. These zones, identified by earlier allozymic and morphological analyses, are between populations of viviparous (S. s. bernard...

the kuh shah prospecting area is located in tertiary volcano-plutonic belt of the lut block. more than seventeen subvolcanic intermediate to acidic intrusive rocks, diorite to syenite in composition, were identified in the study area. the intrusions are related to hydrothermal alteration zones and contain argillic, propylitic, advanced argillic, silicified, quartz-sericite-pyrite, gossan and hy...

We report on the mechanisms responsible for the formation of optical waveguides upon femtosecond laser irradiation of an alkaline lead-oxide silicate glass. MicroRaman spectroscopy and nonlinear fluorescence were employed to probe the local glass network structure and the formation of optically active defects respectively. At low laser pulse energies, the laser modified region is formed by a si...

The literature on the effects of various levels of nitrous oxide is reviewed. The rapid uptake and excretion of the gas facilitates the recognition of four levels or zones depending upon the concentration used. In the lightest level of nitrous oxide, Zone 1, moderate analgesia is present with few side effects. In Zone 2 psychological side effects of dissociation are present in addition to more ...

This paper analyzes the accuracy of count data transferred from a zonal system to an incompatible zone through the areal weighting interpolation method. To treat a variety of situations in a theoretical framework, stochastic models representing areal weighting interpolation are developed. The relationship between the accuracy of estimates and the size of source zones is analytically investigate...

Foam mobility control and novel oil displacement mechanisms were observed in a microfluidic device representing a porous media system with layered permeability. Foam was pre-generated using a flow-focusing microfluidic device and injected into an oil-wet, oil-saturated 2-D PDMS microfluidic device. The device is designed with a central fracture flanked by high-permeability and low-permeability ...