Adaptation to oxygen deficiency is essential for virulence and persistence of Brucella inside the host. The flexibility of this bacterium with respect to oxygen depletion is remarkable, since Brucella suis can use an oxygen-dependent transcriptional regulator of the FnrN family, two high-oxygen-affinity terminal oxidases, and a complete denitrification pathway to resist various conditions of ox...

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is essential for the energy production of the cells and as an electron transporter in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. CoQ10 links the mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation to the respiratory chain by accepting electrons from electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF-QO). Recently, it was shown that a group of patients with the riboflavin responsive f...

Carbon dioxide is the fourth most common gas present in the earth’s atmosphere, with an average ambient concentration (in fresh air) of about 350 ppm. Carbon dioxide is one of the most common byproducts of living organisms. With every exhaled breath we produce and release CO2 into the atmosphere (with an average concentration in exhaled breath of about 3.8%). According to one USDA study, an ave...

Iron is a vital nutrient to promote the availability of tissue oxygen, cell growth and control differentiation, energy metabolism. Preventing Deficiency Anemia (IDA) necessary because iron central nervous system development especially in first years life. Iron-rich complementary foods are recommended infants around 6 months age store depleted. Better understanding absorption process factors aff...

Iron is essential to erythrocyte oxygen transport and is a catalyst for oxidative metabolism in all cells. Iron is absorbed by the duodenum and requires an acidic environment for optimal absorption. Iron is found for 70% in erythrocytes, and 30% in storage, and a small amount in myoglobin and cytochromes. Iron supplementation reduces anemia in breastfed infants and increases in significant dose...

Iron deficiency is a continuum beginning from lowering of tissue stores to the phase of exhausted tissue stores, interference with iron driven biochemical reactions in the body, microcytosis, hypochromia, increasing severity of anaemia with all its attendant consequences. Iron deficiency anaemia is a very well known concept but what is often not appreciated is the effect of broad canvas of iron...

The equilibrium crystal structure of LnMnO3 (Ln: lanthanide) has been reported to be orthorhombic when relatively large ions from La3+ Dy3+ are used as Ln3+ and hexagonal small Ho3+ Lu3+ used. It that the phase is formed tolerance factor, expressed functions radii constituent ions, less than 0.840. In present study, we attempted induce oxygen deficiency in DyMnO3 under solidification at low par...

AIMS Iron deficiency is common in patients with Eisenmenger syndrome (ES). This study aimed at evaluating (i) whether iron deficiency is related with adverse outcome, (ii) the determinants of iron deficiency, and (iii) the relation between iron reserves and haemoglobin level in a contemporary cohort of ES patients. METHODS AND RESULTS All ES patients, older than 18 years, selected from the Be...

Large and/or aged seeds are prone to hypoxic conditions during germination. Germination of selected vegetable seeds including corn (Zea mays L.), squash (Cucurbita pepo L.), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) was studied in water with different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution ranging from 0, 0.06% to 3.0% (v/v) or in aeroponics, all with 0.5 mM CaSO4. Imbibition, oxygen co...

In plants, gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA), a non-protein amino acid, accumulates rapidly in response to a variety of abiotic stresses such as oxygen deficiency. Under normoxia, GABA is catabolized to succinic semialdehyde and then to succinate with the latter reaction being catalyzed by succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH). Complementation of an SSADH-deficient yeast mutant with an Arabidops...