We found that isolated guinea pig spinal cord white matter is resistant to acute oxygen-glucose deprivation. Sixty minutes of oxygen-glucose deprivation resulted in a 60% reduction of compound action potential (CAP) conductance, and there was a near complete recovery after 60 min reperfusion. Corresponding horseradish peroxidase-exclusion assay showed little axonal membrane damage. To further d...

Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key regulator in hypoxia and can determine the fate of brain cells during ischemia. However, the mechanism of HIF-1 regulation is still not fully understood in ischemic brains. We tested a hypothesis that both the 26S and the 20S proteasomal pathways were involved in HIF-1α degradation under ischemic conditions. Using in vitro ischemic model (oxygen and g...

Exposure of rat cortical neurons to combined oxygen and glucose deprivation results in loss of NAD(P)H autofluorescence that is only partially reversible following restoration of oxygen and glucose, suggesting catabolism of pyridine nucleotides. This study tested the hypothesis that metabolic inhibition caused by cyanide-induced chemical anoxia plus glucose deprivation promotes both release of ...

Cultured cortical neurons maintained in 25 mM glucose underwent a widespread neuronal death after exposure to NMDA, AMPA, and kainate. Among these, NMDA toxicity was substantially reduced in neurons maintained in 100 mM glucose. NMDA-induced increase in [Ca(2+)](i) and reactive oxygen species was attenuated in neurons maintained in high glucose that revealed increased mitochondrial membrane and...

Brain pericytes are important to maintain vascular integrity of the neurovascular unit under both physiological and ischemic conditions. Ischemic stroke is known to induce an inflammatory and hypoxic response due to the lack of oxygen and glucose in the brain tissue. How this early response to ischemia is molecularly regulated in pericytes is largely unknown and may be of importance for future ...