Schizophrenia has been associated with a deficit of the prefrontal cortex, which is involved in attention, executive processes, and working memory. The Trail Making Test (TMT) is administered in two parts, TMT-A and TMT-B. It is suggested that the difference in performance between part A and part B reflects executive processes. In this study, we compared the characteristics of hemodynamic chang...

PURPOSE Although flow experience is positively associated with motivation to learn, the biological basis of flow experience is poorly understood. Accumulation of evidence on the underlying brain mechanisms related to flow is necessary for a deeper understanding of the motivation to learn. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between flow experience and brain function usi...

Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a promising technology for functional brain imaging which measures hemodynamic signals from the cortex, similar to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), but does not require the participant to lie motionless in a confined space. NIRS can therefore be used for more naturalistic experiments, including face to face communication, or natural body movemen...

Ultracentrifugation studies on hemolysates from the erythrocytes of the hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri, showed that in dilute solution oxygenated hemoglobins were in a monomeric form with a molecular weight of approximately 18,000. In deoxygenated hemolysates or in concentrated solutions of oxygenated hemolysates, an aggregate product appeared which was considered to be a tetramer, as judged from ...

Being the closest layer to our body, textiles provide an ideal platform for integrating sensors and actuators to monitor physiological signals. We used a woven textile to integrate photodiodes and light emitting diodes. LEDs and photodiodes enable near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) systems to monitor arterial oxygen saturation and oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin in human tissue. Photodiod...

At four positions within the native globin molecule heme may combine to give a protein, capable of reversible combination with oxygen (1, 2) and identical with hemoglobin (3, 4). As many as thirty hemes may react with denatured globin, but the product cannot be reversibly oxygenated. Many other nitrogen-containing compounds combine with reduced hematin to form hemochromogens, but none of these ...

BACKGROUND Hemoglobin vesicles (HbV) are hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers manufactured by liposome encapsulation of hemoglobin molecules. We hypothesised that the infusion of oxygenated HbV could prolong the time to circulatory collapse during apnea in rats. METHODS Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (Air, Oxy, NS and HbV). The rats were anaesthetized with ...