c-IAP1 and c-IAP2 are ubiquitin protein ligases (E3s) that repress noncanonical NF-κB activation. We have created mice that bear a mutation in c-IAP2 that inactivates its E3 activity and interferes, in a dominant-negative fashion, with c-IAP1 E3 activity (c-IAP2(H570A)). The immune response of these animals was explored by infecting them with the Th1-inducing parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Surpris...

The exposure of the macrophage cell line, J774 to mast cell granules (MCG) led to the formation of altered nuclear transcription factor proteins (NF-kappaBx), which had faster electrophoretic mobility than the p50 homodimer of NF-KB, but retained comparable DNA binding capacity. Antibodies to N-terminal peptides of p50, p52, p65 or c-Rel supershifted only a fraction of NF-kappaBx. Western blot ...

T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TCPTP) exists as two forms generated by alternative splicing: a 48-kDa endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated form (TC48) and a 45-kDa nuclear form (TC45). To identify TCPTP substrates, we have generated substrate-trapping mutants, in which the invariant catalytic acid of TCPTP (D182) is mutated to alanine. The TCPTP D182A substrate-trapping mutants were tran...

The impact of increased NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK), a key component of the NF-κB activation pathways, on diabetes-induced renal inflammation remains unknown. We overexpressed NIK wild type (NIKwt) or kinase-dead dominant negative mutants (NIKdn) in HK-2 cells and demonstrated that RelB and p52, but not RelA, abundance and DNA binding increased in nuclei of NIKwt but not NIKdn overexpressed cel...

Fbw7 is a ubiquitin-ligase that targets several oncoproteins for proteolysis, but the full range of Fbw7 substrates is not known. Here we show that by performing quantitative proteomics combined with degron motif searches, we effectively screened for a more complete set of Fbw7 targets. We identify 89 putative Fbw7 substrates, including several disease-associated proteins. The transcription fac...

We have recently become aware that there are a number of issues with figures from our 2010 Cell Cycle article entitled " Regulation of activity and function of the p52 NF-κB subunit following DNA damage " (Barré B, et al. In Figures 1A, 2D, and 4B there are a number of duplicated or partially duplicated images of gels. The first author, Benjamin Barré, performed the experiments and assembled th...

The Shc adaptor protein, particularly its p52 isoform, has been identified as a primary signaling partner for the tyrosine(s)-phosphorylated cytoplasmic tails of activated β3 integrins. Inspired by our recent structure of the Shc PTB domain in complex with a bi-phosphorylated peptide derived from β3 cytoplasmic tail, we have initiated the investigation of Shc interaction with phospholipids of t...

Initiation of translation on poliovirus mRNA occurs by internal binding of ribosomes to a region within the 5'-noncoding portion of the mRNA. The mechanistic details and trans-acting factors involved in this event are not understood fully. We used a mobility-shift electrophoresis assay to identify a specific RNA-protein complex, which can form between an RNA fragment that contains nucleotides 5...

The Turán number of a graph H, ex(n,H), is the maximum edges in on n vertices which does not have H as subgraph. Let Pk be path with k vertices, square Pk2 obtained by joining pairs distance one or two Pk. powerful theorem Erdős, Stone and Simonovits determines asymptotic behavior ex(n,Pk2). In present paper, we determine exact value ex(n,P52) ex(n,P62) pose conjecture for