both iran and iraq during their countries’ histories have seen numerous political events. the most important event that can be seen in contemporary histories of both countries is war. the involvement of both nations with ominous phenomena of war has caused the formation of somewhat similar approaches in the cultures of these two countries. one of these similar approaches is the formation of res...

In offering a brief sketch of some aspects of Herodotus’ use of lyric poetry I shall restrict myself to melic poetry. I shall start with explicit allusions, and then turn to some passages for which Herodotus’ source must have been lyric poetry, and indeed rather grand lyric poetry, though he conceals this. We learn something about his principles and methodology, but also about the diffusion of ...

literature has always been proportional to the taste of humanity and played a prominent role in revolutions and social movements to achieve independence and freedom during history. resistance literature as a branch of literature, has made a roaring literature that there is no way of stop and hopelessness to it, and has defended societies by putting aside repressive force, it has acted like a de...

This study compared eye movements during the reading of authentic prose and poetry with and without enjambment presented in their original layout and in a manipulated layout. We hypothesised that we would find differences in reading patterns on the basis of the layout in which the text was presented. We indeed found differences in reading pattern between prose and poetry, poetry with and withou...

The 1993 and 1995 Oslo accords resulted in the classification of the West Bank into three zones, referred to as Areas A, B and C. Area A is under Palestinian civil and security authority; Area B is under the Palestinian Authority while security responsibilities are shared by both the Israeli and the Palestinian authorities. Area C which comprises around 60 percent of the West Bank is under Isra...

This article investigates the symbolism of white color in works Palestinian poet Mahmoud Darwish and Spanish Federico Garcia Lorca. The is exceptionally employed their poetry, which different from its normal Arabic cultures. In used to symbolize a duality opposites, death as an end mortal life eternity infinity phase afterlife. paradoxical use cannot be grasped by readers without considering po...

OBJECTIVE to explore the challenges and barriers faced by Palestinian maternal health-care providers (HCPs) to the provision of quality maternal health-care services through a case study of a Palestinian public referral hospital in the Occupied Palestinian Territory. DESIGN AND METHOD descriptive qualitative study. The data are from a broader study, conducted in 2005 at the same hospital as p...

BACKGROUND The movement of Palestinians in the occupied Palestinian territories is restricted by bureaucratic and physical obstacles. To date, no studies have examined the barriers that Palestinian medical students face in accessing hospitals for clinical training. The objectives of this study were to characterize these barriers and understand how they affect Palestinian students' medical educa...