paracobitis vignai is a nemacheilid loach endemic to the sistan basin. it occurs in helmand river and its related reservoirs in sistan-va-baluchistan province in southeastern iran and probably in afghanistan. this species is currently endangered due to habitat loss or degradation, damming and droughts. therefore, this paper reviews the available data on taxonomy and distribution of p. vignai , ...

Massive hemoptysis is one of the most important respiratory emergencies and pulmonary infiltrating diseases are among the rare causes of hemoptysis. Bronchial artery embolization (BAE) is a safe and effective treatment in these patients. Our case was a 45 years old woman with a 7 year history of Hodgkin's lymphoma who presented with massive hemoptysis of 20 days duration. CT scan revealed prebr...

Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is an idiopathic disorder (vasculitis) restricted to the central nervous system (CNS). It often presents with focal neurological deficits suggesting stroke or a combination of confusion and headache. We herein report three cases with various combinations of fever, partial seizure, encephalopathy, paresis, headache and ataxia. One of them wa...

Otosclerosis is the most frequent cause of conductive hearing loss in patients with intact tympanic membrane. It can be treated by surgery with various techniques. Because of limited manipulation and comparably similar results, stapedotomy at present is preferred over other surgical techniques by most surgeons. Here we present the operative results of 114 otosclerotic patients who underwent sta...

Endonasal endoscopic laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy has many advantages over conventional external dacryocystorhinostomy. This technique avoids a cutaneous scar and causes less surgical trauma and bleeding than that seen in conventional lacrimal surgery. A total of 20 endoscopic laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy in 16 patients were performed between 1998 and 1999. The procedure was suc...

In infants with neurofibromatosis type 1, plexiform neurofibroma with altering anterior segment outflow system may result in raised intraocular pressure. Here we report a case of buphthalmos with neurofibromatosis (NF-1) who suffered with blindness suffered enucleation. Physical examination and histopathology were performed. Physical examination revealed Buphthalmos and vascularized cornea with...

Reports which describe sick sinus syndrome due to malignant lymphoma have been rare and only eight cases have been reported until now. This is a case of sick sinus syndrome and superior vena cava syndrome secondary to invasion of occult malignant lymphoma of the lung in a 60 years old male. There were no symptoms or signs of malignancy before the first presentation with sick sinus syndrome. Pat...

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are widespread in Fasciola. hepatica parasite and sheep liver tissue. Study of GSTs inhibition assays in F. hepatica and sheep liver tissue are a priority of chemotherapeutic targets in parasitic liver diseases including human fascioliasis in Iran. In this research, the whole extract of F. hepatica and sheep liver tissues were purified and eluted for sodium dod...