An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of screw speed, inclination angle and variety on the required power, and conveying capacity of a screw conveyor. The experiment was designed with four levels of screw speed (600, 800, 1000, and 1200 rpm), five levels of inclination angle (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80°), and three levels of variety (Alikazemi, Hashemi, and Khazar). The Length, diame...

Genetic algorithms typically use crossover, which relies on mating a set of selected parents. As part of crossover, random mating is often carried out. A novel approach to parent mating is presented in this work. Our novel approach can be applied in combination with a traditional similarity-based criterion to measure distance between individuals or with a fitness-based criterion. We introduce a...

Aim: To consider how geographic variation in species recognition over time affects the speciation process. Organisms: The gynogenetic livebearing fish Poecilia formosa (Amazon molly) is the hybrid offspring of two bisexual parent species, P. latipinna (sailfin molly) and P. mexicana (Atlantic molly). The Amazon molly is an all-female species that must mate with males of their parent species. Bu...

The first two non-Mendelian gene mutations to be identified in Chlamydomonas moewusii are described. These putative chloroplast gene mutations include one for resistance to streptomycin (sr-nM1) and one for resistance to erythromycin (er-nM1). In one- and two-factor reciprocal crosses, usually over 90% of the germinating zygospores transmitted these mutations and their wild-type alternatives fr...

This paper examines the effect of mating restriction on the search ability of EMO algorithms. First we propose a simple but flexible mating restriction scheme where a pair of similar (or dissimilar) individuals is selected as parents. In the proposed scheme, one parent is selected from the current population by the standard binary tournament selection. Candidates for a mate of the selected pare...

Sexual conflicts and their evolutionary outcomes may be influenced by population-specific features such as mating system and ecological context; however, very few studies have investigated the link between sexual conflict and mating system. The self-compatible, mixed-mating hermaphrodite Collinsia heterophylla (Plantaginaceae) is thought to exhibit a sexual conflict over timing of stigma recept...