The worldwide expansion of hybrid breeding and clonal forestry is to meet the demands of paper pulp and bioenergy. Although India was one of the pioneers in hybrid production of eucalypts only recently the hybrid clonal forestry is gaining momentum. Inter-specific hybrids are being produced to exploit the hybrid vigor of F1 individuals. Quality control genotyping for hybrid purity and parentage...

We compared observed levels of reproductive skew in the cooperatively breeding acorn woodpecker (Melanerpes formicivorus) with those predicted by two alternative transactional models. "Concession" models predict the degree to which parentage is shared assuming that a single dominant is in complete control of reproduction. Alternatively, "restraint" models predict reproductive sharing assuming t...

although passing the method of embryo donation to sterile spouses act in 2003 was a positive step toward regularizing one of assisted reproduction methods, but it may be criticized due to some vagueness in its content, lack of sanction, and referring many essential issues to bylaw.  one of the most important problems of this act is that it does not clarity parentage and the legal effects of emb...

Parentage analysis and individual identification are recent, promising methods that have been applied to evolutionary and ecological studies, as well as conservation management. Parental exclusion relying on polymorphic microsatellites has been used worldwide in parentage determination, while the low mutation rate and genotyping error rate of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) make them ano...

Civil Surgeon, Coorg I he loiiowmg case was unusual, m that tne maternity, as well as the paternity of a child was under dispute. The case was heard in the Criminal Court in Mercara on 10th June, 1941. Kengappa and his wife Chennamma claimed that their four-year-old son had been kidnapped a year previously by Syed Fakir and his wife Fathima Bee, who however stated that the boy was their own. Th...

In this study, microsatellite markers, developed for Alligator mississipiensis and Caiman latirostris, were used to assess parentage among individuals from the captive colony of Caiman latirostris at the University of São Paulo, in Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. Many of the females in the colony were full siblings, which made maternal identification difficult due to genotypic similarity. Even s...