In this paper, simulation codes for Beam Delivery Systems in linear colliders are discussed. Several tracking codes are available for particle tracking. They do not normally include precise calculation of the beam-beam effect, with accounting for pinch, hour-glass, pair production. They provide instead the particle distributions at the interaction point, after tracking through the different com...

In this paper we present an automatic system developed for the Lisbon’s Technologic Nuclear Institute to control the operation of their particle accelerator. It is an accelerator based on a Van de Graaff machine. The system uses a personal computer running LabVIEW software which implements the procedures to automatically increase the terminal voltage, light-up the ion source and focus the parti...

The electromagnetic wake field response of a hollow plasma channel to a driver (laser or charged particle beam) of arbitrary velocity is derived. The dispersion and loss factors of excited fundamental and higher order azimuthal modes are computed. Growth rates for beam breakup instabilities are calculated and beam transport is studied. External focusing is shown to provide a method of controlli...

Over the past decade, extensive simulations of beam-beam effects in e+e− colliders, based on the particle-in-cell method, were developed to explain many complex experimental observations. Recently, such simulations were used to predict the future luminosity performance of e+e− colliders. Some predictions have been proven to be correct in the existing accelerators. In this paper, many effects su...

An intense, high-energy electron or positron beam can have focused intensities rivaling those of today’s most powerful laser beams. For example, the 5 ps ~full-width, half-maximum!, 50 GeV beam at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center ~SLAC! at 1 kA and focused to a 3 micron rms spot size gives intensities of .10 W/cm at a repetition rate of .10 Hz. Unlike a ps or fs laser pulse which interact...

Experiments to study the light emission from plasma produced by particle beams are presented. Fundamental aspects in comparison with discharge plasma formation are discussed. It is shown that the formation of excimer molecules is an important process. This paper summarizes various studies of particle beam induced light emission and presents the first results of a direct comparison of light emis...

We report the first observation of the simultaneous three-dimensional confinement of both a low-index particle and a high-index particle within a single-beam optical trap by using a strongly focused laser beam containing an optical vortex. Experimental and theoretical investigations of the trap stability are described. © 1999 Optical Society of America [S0740-3224(99)00904-2] OCIS codes: 140.70...

Realistic calculation of NLC luminosity has been performed using particle tracking in DIMAD and beam-beam simulations in GUINEA-PIG code for various values of beam emittance, energy and beta functions at the Interaction Point (IP). Results of the simulations are compared with analytic luminosity calculations. The optimum range of IP beta functions for high luminosity was identified. Presented a...

The radiation forces on a Rayleigh dielectric sphere induced by a partially coherent light beam are greatly affected by the coherence of the light beam. The magnitude of the radiation forces on a dielectric sphere near the focus point greatly decreases as the coherence decreases. For the light beam with good coherence, the radiation force may be used to trap a particle; and for the light beam w...