Abstract: It is important to count the number of passengers or to measure a trajectory of passengers in many fields, such as security of a building, marketing, etc. Various studies are conducted on the methods of counting or tracking passengers. For example, cameras have been mainly used in existing studies, but the disadvantage of using cameras is that geometric parameters like distance and ve...

Cancer progression is an example of a rapid adaptive process where evolving new traits is essential for survival and requires a high mutation rate. Precancerous cells acquire a few key mutations that drive rapid population growth and carcinogenesis. Cancer genomics demonstrates that these few driver mutations occur alongside thousands of random passenger mutations--a natural consequence of canc...

An airline’s operational disruptions can lead to flight delays that in turn impact passengers, not only through the delays themselves but also through possible missed connections. Since the length of a delay is often not known in advance, we consider preemptive rerouting of airline passengers before the length of the delay is realized. Our goal is to reaccommodate passengers proactively as soon...

This paper investigates the impact of schematic transit maps on passengers’ travel decisions. It does two things: First, it proposes an analysis framework that defines four types of information conferred from a transit map: distortion, restoration, codification, and cognition, and their potential impact on three types of travel decisions: location, mode, and path choices. Second, it conducts an...

To model and solve optimization problems arising in public transportation, data about the passengers is necessary and has to be included in the models in any phase of the planning process. Many approaches assume a two-step procedure: in a first step, the data about the passengers is distributed over the public transportation network using traffic-assignment procedures. In a second step, the act...

Recent incidents such as the Asiana Flight 214 crash in San Francisco on July 6, 2013 have brought attention to the need for safer aircraft evacuation plans. In this paper we propose an emergency aircraft evacuation model based on a revision of the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. By introducing an attraction-replusion force from the study of swarm modeling we are able to consider r...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the appropriate use of child safety restraints (CSR) in black and white children. DESIGN Cross sectional, observational study of drivers of children age 0-10 years involving an on-site vehicle and CSR inspection and brief driver interview. RESULTS Data were obtained on 244 white and 204 black children; results were stratified by race due to effect modification of race...

OBJECTIVE To determine how the number of passengers, their age and their sex influence the risk of different types of Spanish drivers causing a collision between two or more cars. METHODS We selected, from the Spanish database of traffic crashes resulting in personal injuries or death, those collisions between two or more cars that occurred between 1990 and 1999 in which only one of the invol...

INTRODUCTION Motorcycle passengers comprise a considerable proportion of traffic crash victims. During a 5 year period (2006-2010) in Iran, an average of 3.4 pillion passengers are killed daily due to motorcycle crashes. This study investigated the main factors influencing crash severity of this group of road users. METHOD The Classification and Regression Trees (CART) method was employed to ...