The biotransformation of hop aroma, particularly by the cysteine S-conjugate beta-lyase enzyme (CSL), has been a recent topic tremendous interest among brewing scientists and within community. During process often referred to as biotransformation, yeast-encoded enzymes convert flavorless precursor molecules found in barley hops into volatile thiols that impart variety desirable flavors aromas b...

There may be many factors contributing to reduction in longevity and productivity in passion fruit plants, especially diseases of viral, bacterial or fungal etiologies, among which passion fruit woodiness, bacterial spot, root and collar rot, fusarium wilt, anthracnose and scab are the most important. The incidence of woody fruits in young plants totally compromises the productivity and quality...

Interspecific crosses between the more than 520 Passiflora species may or not be compatible. The sequences ITS, matK, psbA-trnH, rbcL and trnL-F were used to confirm identity estimate genetic distances among 48 accessions of a germplasm bank. Twenty for within distinct subgenera. phylogenetic resolution based on ITS data was superior that any single chloroplast marker, recommending it as DNA ba...