The MRC Patulin trial1 was undertaken in 1943–1944 to investigate a proposed remedy for the common cold. Only a few clinical trials took place before the second world war and they often had serious defects of planning or execution. The Patulin trial, it is claimed, was the first to meet the rigorous requirements for a scientifically acceptable trial with concurrent controls, as set out original...

Fungi have long been associated with earthy odours. One of the main contributors to this odour is geosmin, a sesquiterpenoid metabolite produced by soil living fungi. Some food commodities are liable to contamination by geosmin producing fungi. Under favourable environmental conditions the production of geosmin occurs. One of the producers of geosmin in fruits is Penicillium expansum which also...

Species of Aspergillus, Penicillium and Alternaria are major contributors to fruit and vegetable decay and to mycotoxin production during various stages of pathogenesis. The mycotoxins most commonly associated with fruits and vegetables and their products are aflatoxins, patulin, ochratoxin A and Alternaria toxins. Naturally occurring aflatoxins are found in fruits of tropical and subtropical r...

Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate and evaluatethe Aflatoxin B1 Patulin in bloodsamples of patients with Renal Failure.Method: Hundred fifty blood samples collected from Failure were included thisstudy. agerange was 1-61 years. Toxin extraction the done by Thin LayerChromatography technique (TLC).Results: There 100 150 containedAflatoxinB1and Patulin. highestpercentage contamina...

Patulin, a known fungal poison, is an important pollutant in apples and products derived from fodder. Ginger improved the liver function prevents hepatotoxicity against many toxins used treatment of various diseases. The genetic toxicity patulin rats using comet assay vivo was investigated effect ginger (Zingibe officinale) on DNA damage induced by patulin. Five groups adult male Sprague Dawley...

Abstract In this study, the patulin imprinted and non-imprinted nanoparticles are synthesized by two-phase mini emulsion polymerization method characterized zeta-size analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy. Afterwards, attached on surface of plasmon resonance (SPR) chips. The SPR nanosensors using atomic force microscope, ellipsometer, contact angle meas...

food safety is a global concern due to an increasing awareness of consumers concerning exposure of foods to chemicals and contamination with such hazardous biochemicals as dioxins, mycotoxins, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, drugs and hormones. patulin is one of the most injurious mycotoxins produced by a variety of molds, particularly aspergillus and penicillium species. based on...