This paper is concerned with the problem of exploiting pause information for recovering dependency structures of read Japanese sentences. In our past work, two kinds of pauses were employed: post-phrase pause that immediately succeeds a phrase in question, and post-postphrase pause which immediately succeeds the phrase that follows a phrase in question. It was found that simultaneous use of two...

Transcript elongation by bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) is thought to be regulated at pause sites by open versus closed positions of the RNAP clamp domain, pause-suppressing regulators like NusG and RfaH that stabilize the closed-clampRNAP conformation, and pause-enhancing regulators like NusA and exit channel nascent RNA structures that stabilize the open clamp RNAP conformation. However, the...