Challenged by population increase, climatic change, and soil deterioration, crop improvement is always a priority in securing food supplies. Although the production of grain legumes is in general lower than that of cereals, the nutritional value of grain legumes make them important components of food security. Nevertheless, limited by severe genetic bottlenecks during domestication and human se...

Pseudomonas fluorescens strain 3JW1, which has a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, was studied to investigate whether it affects the amounts of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) produced by Aspergillus flavus. It was found that the bacterium reduced the amounts of AFB1 in potato dextrose broth (PDB) and peanut medium by 97.8% and 99.4%, respectively. It also reduced AFB1 by ~183 μg/kg (55.8%) when appli...

In-shell, peeled and blanched peanut samples were characterized in relation to proximate composition and fatty acid profile. No difference was found in relation to its proximate composition. The three major fatty acids were palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid. In order to investigate irradiation and storage effects, peanut samples were submitted to doses of 0.0, 5.0, 7.5 or 10.0 kGy, s...

Agronomic traits may become adversely affected when field crops are transformed with foreign genes which confer resistance to plant pathogens. Field testing of such transformed plant lines is necessary to determine if desirable yield components have been retained through the transformation and regeneration process. Thirtyfour peanut lines, thirty-two of which are transgenic containing anti-fung...

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a ruinous soilborne disease affecting more than 450 plant species. Efficient control methods for this disease remain unavailable to date. This study characterized a novel nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat resistance gene AhRRS5 from peanut, which was up-regulated in both resistant and susceptible peanut cultivars in response to R. sol...

Domestication and crop breeding has improved plants for human use, but may have unintended consequences traits that are not selected upon. Disruption in the mycorrhizal mutualism been observed crops; possibly due to fertilised soil. Little is known about whether legume-rhizobia can be disrupted by domestication evolution, despite importance of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. We aimed identify diff...

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an annual legume which is also known as peanut, earthnut, monkeynut and ground bean. Among the major oil seed crops, groundnut has some specific advantages because of its use in many food products. The present study is planned to characterize different groundnut varieties, grown under similar conditions, for their chemical composition and nutritional assay. Fa...

Soil serves as a reservoir for Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, fungi that produce carcinogenic aflatoxins in agricultural commodities. Populations in soil are genetically diverse and individual genotypes show a clustered distribution pattern within fields. Surveys over large geographic regions suggest that climate and crop composition influence species density and aflatoxin-producing pot...

ABSTRACT Peanut crops are of great economic interest because their seeds used as an important source vegetable protein and edible oil. The objective this study was to evaluate the physiological indices growth peanut subjected saline water stress. experiment conducted in Auroras, Redenção, Ceará, Brazil using a completely randomized split plot statistical design. plots were composed irrigation t...

Previous reports of crop losses to plant-parasitic nematodes have relied on published results of survey data based on certain commodities, including tobacco, peanuts, cotton, and soybean. Reports on crop-loss assessment by land-grant universities and many commodity groups generally are no longer available, with the exception of the University of Georgia, the Beltwide Cotton Conference, and sele...