Interconnection network is a decisive component of parallel and distributed computer systems. With the merits of simplicity and eciency, 2-dimensional (2-D) mesh has been a popular choice of large MIMD interconnection networks. Mesh, however, has its known weaknesses in scalability and connectivity. Packed Exponential Connections (PEC) is a newly proposed network which is designed to improve t...

Power electronic circuit (PEC) design is a complicated optimization problem that calls for evolutionary computation (EC) algorithms. The existing EC algorithms for optimizing PEC have difficulty in practical applications because they demand users to carefully define very narrow search ranges for different circuit components. Aiming at this problem, this paper models PEC with uniform search rang...

Polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) are formed by mixing the solutions of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes, which were hitherto deemed "impossible" to process, since they are infusible and brittle when dry. Here, we describe the process of fabricating free-standing micro-patterned PEC films containing array of hollow or filled microchambers by one-step casting with small applied pressure and a P...

Caudal area PE (PEc) of the macaque posterior parietal cortex has been shown to be a crucial node in visuomotor coordination during reaching. The present study was aimed at studying visual and somatosensory organization of this cortical area. Visual stimulations activated 53% of PEc neurons. The overwhelming majority (89%) of these visual cells were best activated by a dark stimulus on a lighte...

The impact of age on functional sensitivity to A(1)-adenosine receptor activation was studied in Langendorff-perfused hearts from young (1-2 mo) and old (12-18 mo) male Wistar rats. Adenosine mediated bradycardia in young and old hearts, with sensitivity enhanced approximately 10-fold in old [negative logarithm of EC(50) (pEC(50)) = 4.56 +/- 0.11] versus young hearts (pEC(50) = 3.70 +/- 0. 09)....

This paper reports a noncontact inspection method, using Pulsed Eddy Current (PEC) stimulated thermography, for the evaluation of the anisotropic dependency of electrical conductivity of steel exposed to tensile stress. This method combines microscope lens based thermography with PEC using a rectangular excitation coil, giving directional excitation, to infer the electromagnetic properties vari...

Parietal epithelial cells have been identified as potential progenitor cells in glomerular regeneration, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this process are not fully defined. Here, we established an immortalized polyclonal human parietal epithelial cell (hPEC) line from naive human Bowman's capsule cells isolated by mechanical microdissection. These hPECs expressed high levels of PEC-spec...

In this study, an anatase/rutile mixed-phase titanium dioxide (TiO2) hierarchical network deposited with Au nanoparticles (Au/TiO2 ARHN) was synthesized using a facile hydrothermal method followed by a simple calcination step. Such a unique structure was designed for improving the light harvest, charge transportation/separation, and the performance of photo-electro-chemical (PEC) cells. The pro...

Copper chalcopyrite is a promising candidate for a photocathode material for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting because of its high half-cell solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency (HC-STH), relatively simple and low-cost preparation process, and chemical stability. This paper reviews recent advances in copper chalcopyrite photocathodes. The PEC properties of copper chalcopyrite photoc...

Hydrogen, a clean energy carrier with high energy capacity, is a very promising candidate as a primary energy source for the future. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production from renewable biomass derivatives and water is one of the most promising approaches to producing green chemical fuel. Compared to water splitting, hydrogen production from renewable biomass derivatives and water thro...