In biocatalytic processes, the use of free enzymes is often limited due to lack long-term stability and reusability. To counteract this, can be crystallized then immobilized, generating cross-linked enzyme crystals (CLECs). As mechanical activity CLECs are crucial, different penicillin G acylases (PGAs) from Gram-positive organisms have proven promising candidates for industrial production new ...

Penicillin acylase catalyses the condensation of Calpha-substituted phenylacetic acids with beta-lactam nucleophiles, producing semi-synthetic beta-lactam antibiotics. For efficient synthesis a low affinity for phenylacetic acid and a high affinity for Calpha-substituted phenylacetic acid derivatives is desirable. We made three active site mutants, alphaF146Y, betaF24A and alphaF146Y/betaF24A, ...

This study is pertaining to the production of penicillin G acylase (PGA) by Bacillus subtilis 8105MU331 in which PGA gene, under the control of thermal-induced promoter, was integrated. The key process parameters including induced-temperature, induced-time, and culture temperature were optimized in flask culture. A three-stage cultivation process was developed for PGA production with the expres...

The enzymatic synthesis of amoxicillin is catalyzed by Penicillin G Acylase (PGA). As byproducts, hydroxyphenylglycine and alcohol are also formed from hydrolytic reactions and antibiotic synthesis, respectively. The design of this process should be directed to promote the synthesis reaction. At the same time, it is necessary to reduce the hydrolytic reaction of amoxicillin through its crystall...

Abstract The thiol group of the cysteine side chain is arguably most versatile chemical handle in proteins. To expand scope established and commercially available bioconjugation reagents, we genetically encoded a second such functional moiety form latent that can be unmasked under mild physiological conditions. Phenylacetamidomethyl (Phacm) protected homocysteine (HcP) was incorporated its on p...

BACKGROUND Immobilized Penicillin G Acylase (PGA) derivatives are biocatalysts that are industrially used for the hydrolysis of Penicillin G by fermentation and for the kinetically controlled synthesis of semi-synthetic beta-lactam antibiotics. One of the most used supports for immobilization is glyoxyl-activated agarose, which binds the protein by reacting through its superficial Lys residues....