All current 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors [simvastatin (SV), lovastatin (LV), atorvastatin, pravastatin, fluvastatin, and cerivastatin] are believed to undergo an atypical -oxidation of the dihydroxy heptanoic or heptanoic acid side chain. Metabolites, which are shortened by twoand/or four-carbon units consistent with -oxidation products, have been reported exclusively in ...

This study investigates the effect of zeolite nano-catalyst on yield biodiesel and biochar formed from pyrolysis tallow (cow fat). Residual waste cow fat was pyrolyzed in a fixed-bed reactor laboratory-scale volume 2200 cm3, at operating temperatures 450, 500, 530, 580 °C heating rates 4, 5, 6 °C/min. The molecular composition analyzed using gas chromatography spectrograph (GC-MS). It observed ...

The studying of enzymatic esterification of carboxylic acids and higher alcohols was performed by esterase Saccharomyces cerevisiae in water-organic medium. Investigation of the enzyme specificity to acetic substrates showed the best result with acetic acid in esterification reactions with ethanol whereas within other carboxylic acids the esterification decreased with acids: hexanoic > pentanoi...

It is well known that in vitro preparations of the chick embryo can functionalise and conjugate selected model substances. Based on this biochemical knowledge an ex vivo model was developed to study xenobiotic metabolism in the incubated hen's egg. The xenobiotic is injected into the yolk sac, i.e. the nutritional compartment, on day 6 and metabolites are identified in the excretion medium of t...

In biosecure composting, animal mortalities are so completely isolated during the degradation process that visual inspection cannot be used to monitor progress or the process status. One novel approach is to monitor the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by decaying mortalities and to use them as biomarkers of the process status. A new method was developed to quantitatively analyze pote...

The synthesis of the spiro(4,5)decane system is of interest because it constitutes the basic skeleton of the acoranic sesquiterpenes [1]. In this paper we wish to report a stereospecific synthesis of a promising precursor (1) of some of these natural products. According to literature [2] cyclohexanones asubstituted with a co-carboxyalkyl chain yield diketo-spiro systems on treatment with polyph...

The extensive demand for cleaner environment is forcing the chemical industry to use less hazardous materials. In this regard, solid catalysts have lately attracted the attention of scientists and researchers around the world.1–8 By using sufficient amounts of these heterogeneous catalysts, their catalytic activity for ester formation can be equivalent to that of conventional homogeneous cataly...