The lack of mechanistic insights into the water and solute transport in thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane active layer posed a major challenge fundamental understandings performance optimization such membranes treatment. In this work, we develop novel model to qualitatively quantitatively study influence intrinsic permeabilities geometric parameters NPs NPs-polymer intermediate on widely o...

The formation of macroscopic grain defects during the directional solidification of single crystal Ni-base superalloys can have a significant impact on resulting fatigue and creep properties of critical structural components used in a variety of aerospace applications and gas turbines for power generation. Common casting defects in Ni-base superalloys include freckles, Figure 1, which consist o...

The use of heat treatment to improve solute rejection and fouling resistance of a polyamide reverse osmosis (RO) membrane was investigated in this study. Heat treatment was carried out by immersing the membrane samples in Milli-Q water at 70 degrees celcius for a specific duration. Heat treatment reduced the pure water permeability from 4.1 to 2.8 L/m2 bar but improved conductivity rejection fr...

background: kidney transplantation is a preferred treatment for many patients with end-stage renal disease (esrd) and is far more profi table than hemodialysis. analyzing renal transplantation data can help to evaluate the eff ectiveness of transplantation interventions. the aim of this study was to determine the organ survival rate after kidney transplantation during a period of 10 years (marc...

A novel nanofiltration membrane bioreactor (NF-MBR) was constructed by integrating a loosely structured hollow fiber into an aerobic activated sludge system. In order to verify the feasibility of loose NF bioreactor, parallel experiments conventional ultrafiltration (UF-MBR) and NF-MBR were conducted investigate process performances, fouling characteristics. The showed relatively high permeabil...

Membrane technology is being researched intensively due to its potential for generating clean water. Surface modifications of nanoporous membranes could be an engineering solution to designing chlorine-tolerant membranes that would last longer in operation and thus reduce the high costs associated with membrane operations. The average pore diameter in a membrane strongly determines its selectiv...

The permeability of reverse osmosis membranes is limited by the diffusive transport of water across a non-porous polyamide active layer. Alternatively, fabricating a microporous active layer capable of rejecting salt ions while allowing for water transport would increase the permeability while maintaining high salt rejection. Zeolites provide a model porous network which is capable of performin...

The effectiveness of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP)-modification of a zirconia-based ultrafiltration membrane was investigated for the treatment of oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions. Fouling, hydraulic permeability, flux decline, and solute rejection for modified and native membranes were evaluated using a diagnostic o/w emulsion as well as an emulsion prepared using a commercial cutting oil. The nati...

background: monitoring of phenotypic characteristics of t-lymphocytes in peripheral blood is commonly performed to give the clinical parameters in the management of kidney transplant recipients.   objective: to predict rejection in renal transplantation by immune parameters. methods: 16 non-diabetic kidney transplant candidates (4 females and 12 males, age = 20-65 yr, first time transplant) wer...

The degree of salinity in the hydraulic fracturing rejection fluid Shaximiao reservoir central Sichuan Basin is high, and underlying mechanism causing this not clearly understood. We evaluated rock structure tight sandstone, including composition, pore structure, ion diffusion, adsorption behavior, to determine how influences sandstone’s interaction with fluid. X-ray diffraction revealed that m...