Oxford Elbow Score (OES) is a patient-reported questionnaire used to assess outcomes after elbow surgery. The aim of this study was to validate and adapt the OES into Persian language. After forward-backward translation of the OES into Persian, a total number of 92 patients after elbow surgeries completed the Persian OES along with the Persian DASH and SF-36. To assess test-retest reliability, ...

BACKGROUND Considering the difficulties in diagnosing bipolar disorder in clinical practice and lack of needed screening instruments in Persian language, the present study aimed at assessing sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values for the Persian Bipolar Spectrum Diagnostic Scale. METHODS The study was conducted in a university-affiliated hospital in Tehran, Iran, in a sample of 181 c...

The present research is a descriptive corpus-based translation study aiming at pinpointing the patterns of translation into Persian when dealing with English Verb Phrase Ellipsis (VPE). After scrutiny of the strategies applied by Persian translators some regular patterns were drawn, with the exception that the observed translation behavior may be taken as advantageous information for improving ...

The vocal repertoire of male Common Yellowthroats (Geothlypis trichas) includes a single distinctive perch song, a flight song, and several calls, including a chatter call. To ascertain the function of perch songs and chatter calls and to determine if these vocalizations are altered to convey different information, I examined the singing and calling behavior of male yellowthroats throughout the...

Jumping spiders have long been used as model organisms to study visual communication. However, recent studies documenting the presence of intricate multicomponent seismic songs during courtship displays suggest an important role of seismic communication as well. Given the relatively recent focus on seismic communication, the extent to which seismic songs vary among jumping spider species or eve...

Nowadays, many daily human activities such as education, trade, talks, etc are done by using the Internet. In such things as registration on Internet web sites, hackers write programs to make automatic false registration that waste the resources of the web sites while it may also stop it from functioning. Therefore, human users should be distinguished from computer programs. To this end, this p...

the leili and majnoon story is one of the most beautiful love stories which however of it arabic base, by unmatched power and magnificent expression helps of nezami, this topic become one of the famous romantic love at persian language. and is one of the best romantic songs models at the persian poets that have many imitators. from the vast number of imitators can be named nor addin abd orahman...

Nowadays, Wordnet is used in natural language processing as one of the major linguistic resources. Having such a resource for Persian language helps researchers in computational linguistics and natural language processing fields to develop more accurate systems with higher performances. In this research, we propose a model for semi-automatic construction of Persian wordnet of verbs. Compound ve...

We use Pregroups to provide an algebraic analysis of Persian sentences. Our analysis hints to some of the profound and subtle properties of the Persian grammar, e.g. similarity of its parsing patterns to Hindi (both descendants of of Sanskrit) and similarity in parsing patterns of its causal subordinate and relative sentences. These findings are facilitated by the use of reduction diagrams, a f...

In statistical machine translation, data sparsity is a challenging problem especially for languages with rich morphology and inconsistent orthography, such as Persian. We show that orthographic preprocessing and morphological segmentation of Persian verbs in particular improves the translation quality of Persian-English by 1.9 BLEU points on a blind test set.