The demand for petroleum-derived gasoline in the transportation sector is on rise. For better knowledge of combustion practical systems, this study presents experimental measurements and numerical prediction autoignition temperatures extinction limits six FACE (fuels advanced engines) fuels counterflow flames. Extinction were measured at atmospheric pressures while experiments carried out high ...

Petroleum products and essential oils are produced used in large amounts categorized as Substances of Unknown or Variable composition, Complex reaction Biological materials (UVCBs). These UVCBs notorious difficult-to-test substances, since they complex mixtures hydrophobic volatile compounds. This study introduces two passive dosing (PD) approaches for whole UVCB toxicity testing: (1) headspace...

The article presents the results of research on production polymer-bitumen binder (PBB) based mixtures non-oxidized and oxidized petroleum products, namely high-viscosity tar, darkened vacuum distillate, bitumen 70/100, obtained at technological installations Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) “JV Caspi Bitum’’ styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) block copolymer brand L 30-01A modifier in presence...

The College of Engineering Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT) proposes expand the scope of our existing three-year California Air Resources Board (CARB) agreement 00-333 to carry out the additional work needed to reduce the uncertainties in estimating the impacts of architectural coatings emissions on photochemical ozone formation and other measures of air quality. The s...

Characterisation of complex mixtures is a common tool especially in oil processing industry. Characterisation procedures result in experimentally gained characterisation curves, but for the simulation of industrial processes the definition of a substitute mixture is required. Traditionally, a system of pseudocomponents is derived from the TBP (True Boiling Point) characterisation curve, but the...

Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) has high resolution, so provides a viable method to characterize extremely complex mixtures. The molecular formulas of individual components are determined simply by accurate mass measurement. Here, recent advances in FT-ICR MS application to pe­ troleum derived heavy materials are reviewed after a brief introduction of the...

Wax formation in hydrocarbon fluids at low temperatures is one of the harassing problems faced by the petroleum industry. The prevention of wax formation, the production of diesels more resistant at low temperatures and the design of new and better additives requires a good understanding of the crystallisation behaviour of the paraffin molecules. Better experimental techniques to study the wax ...

Both the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MADEP) and the Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Criteria Working Group (TPHCWG) developed fraction-based approaches for assessing human health risks posed by total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) mixtures in the environment. Both organizations defined TPH fractions based on their expected environmental fate and by analytical chemical methods...

Biological markers are organic compounds in geological samples with an unambiguous link to specific precursor molecules in living organisms. They provide information on the origin and depositional environment of fossil organic matter as well as about its thermal maturation caused by geothermal heat flow during burial. Petroleum and its refinery products carry this biomarker information into the...

Neem biodiesel is currently being explored as a future biofuel and was extracted chemically from the vegetable oil. Many of its properties are still under investigation and our aim was to study its noxious-gas emission profiles from blends with regular petroleum diesel. The distinct advantage of a real-time study is acquisition of in situ data on the combustion behavior of gas components with a...