BACKGROUND There has been no previous prospective examination of the homogeneity of chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) patients in risk factors for non-adherent opioid use. OBJECTIVES To identify whether latent risk classes exist among people with CNCP that predict non-adherence with prescribed opioids. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS The Pain and Opioids IN Treatment prospecti...

OBJECTIVE To provide a forensic overview and trace common threads among malpractice lawsuits involving patients who overdosed while consuming therapeutic opioids. METHODS One of us (LRW) reviewed 35 medical records of patients with chronic pain who overdosed, 20 of them fatally, while consuming therapeutic opioids, leading to lawsuits against physicians for malpractice. The reviews were reque...

pharmaceutical industry is currently undergoing a transient phase with new orientation. loss of financial resources, presence of new therapeutic agents and increasing cost of research and development have called for a full.scale restructuring within the pharmaceutical industry to retain even the most basic competitiveness. the development of new technologies has been as one way out of the dilem...

Introduction: The use of opioids has increased markedly in the past decades European countries, especially for treatment non-cancer pain including painful chronic musculoskeletal conditions. However, there are some notable differences relative levels between geographical areas and distinct, context-specific patterns weak strong opioid use. aim this work is to describe real world trends dosage f...

followed by a stepwise progression to stronger centrally acting analgesics [5] . Analgesics can be broadly categorized as: non-opioid, opioid and adjuvant analgesics. Non-opioids may be used in combination with opioids for their opioid-sparing effect, permitting the use of lower doses of opioids [6] . Opioids are primarily used to treat moderate to severe pain that has not responded to non-opio...

In addition to pain, patients who are approaching the end of life commonly have other symptoms. Unless contraindicated, prophylaxis with a gastrointestinal motility stimulant laxative and a stool softener is appropriate in terminally ill patients who are being given opioids. Patients with low performance status are not candidates for surgical treatment of bowel obstruction. Cramping abdominal p...

conclusions pain management in patients with liver dysfunction is always challenging to physicians because of the adverse reactions of drugs, especially opioids. opioids should be used cautiously since they can cause sedation, constipation and sudden encephalopathy effects. since the clearance of these drugs in patients with hepatic insufficiency is decreased, the initial dose must be decreased...

tramadol is a synthetic analgesic of opioids which has more flexible mechanisms of action than typical opioids. since it has been reported in previous study that typical opioids like morphine can affect the bone homeostasis, it is worthwhile to examine the effects of tramadol on tooth movement. in this study we investigated effects of tramadol on orthodontic tooth movement in rats.30 male wista...