Download curonidation is an important pathway in the metabolism of nicotine, with previous studies suggesting 22% of urinary nicotine metabolites are in the form of glucuronidated compounds. Recent in vitro studve suggested that the UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) 2B10 and 2B17 play major roles in nicotine onidation with polymorphisms in both enzymes shown to significantly alter the levels o...

During wine production and storage, undesired effects can appear mainly due to the microbiological activity of present microorganisms leading economic losses. Wine stabilisation is needed for controlling unwanted improve safety final quality. Nowadays, a plethora viticultural technological solutions available but, in some cases, process changes sensory profile. The aim this study was developmen...

• Designed peptides showed a link between catalytic amino acids order and activity. Side chains engaged in stabilizing may become inaccessible to catalysis. Structural characterizations do provide insights on catalysis by peptide assemblies. Amphiphilic that induce are interesting alternatives natural enzymes thanks robustness of their synthesis the ability certain types conformations specific ...

Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) is actively involved in N cycling and transformation processes the ocean, yet how this large pool formed remains elusive. Here we incubated 15N-labeled individual amino acids (Ala, Val, Phe) seawater monitored their fates over 21 days. About 25%–45% of Phe-N Val-N were transformed to “uncharacterizable DON,” as compared only about 6% for Ala-N, indicating format...

INTRODUCTION Metabolic control of phenylketonuria (PKU) and compliance with the low-phenylalanine (phe) diet are frequently assessed by measuring blood phe concentrations in dried blood spots (DBS) collected by patients instead of plasma phe concentrations. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to investigate the difference in blood phe concentrations in DBS collected by subjects and analyzed using eit...

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the cystic transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. It has been postulated that reduced HCO 3 ? transport through CFTR may lead to a decreased airway surface liquid pH. In contrast, others have reported no changes extracellular pH (pHe). We recently carcinoma Caco-2/pRS26 cells (transfected with short hairpin RNA for CFTR) or CF lung epithe...

OBJECTIVES To compare the neurocognitive outcomes of patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) to determine whether decreasing phenylalanine (Phe) levels to <240 is preferable to the use of 360 μmol/L as an upper-target Phe level. An additional aim was to establish the influence of biochemical indices other than Phe on neurocognitive outcomes. STUDY DESIGN Patients with PKU (n = 63; mean age 10.8 ±...

Mutants of lactose permease of Escherichia coli with amino acid changes (Gly-24----Glu; Gly-24----Arg; Pro-28---Ser; Gly-24, Pro-28----Glu-Ser and Gly-24, Pro-28----Arg-Ser) within a putative membrane-spanning alpha-helix (Phe-Gly-Leu-Phe-Phe-Phe-Phe-Tyr-Phe-Phe-Ile-Met-Gly- Ala-Tyr-Phe-Pro-Phe-Phe-Pro-Ile) are incorporated into the cytoplasmic membrane. The mutant proteins retain the ability t...

The study was to evaluate the neurobehavioural and cognitive changes in Wistar rats administered carbamazepine (CBZ), phenytoin (PHE) and their combination. Forty, apparently, healthy adult male Wistar rats weighing about 300 g were divided into four groups of 10 animals each. Group I rats were administered distilled water at 10 ml/kg. CBZ, 20 mg/kg, PHE 100 mg/kg and CBZ+PHE, 20 mg/kg and 100 ...

The epimerase (E) domain of the three-domain (ATE) initiation module of Bacillus brevis gramicidin S synthetase equilibrates the Calpha configuration of the phenylalanyl moiety presented as Phe-S-4'-phosphopantetheine-modified (Ppant) acyl enzyme. Mutants at 22 residues of this E domain that are conserved across the approximately 450 residue E domains of nonribosomal peptide synthetases were co...