Semiconductor lasers with InGaAsP/InP nonidentical multiple quantum wells (MQWs) for optical communication are experimented to show the improved temperature characteiistics. With proper layout of the nonidentical MQWs, the characteristic temperature ofthe laser diodes is increased. Also, the differential quantum efficiency increases to around 40% for the temperature increasing from 30°C to 4OUC...

In the past few years there has been a resurgence of interest in the possibility of detecting climate change using natural systems (see, for example, Crick and Sparks 1999; Sparks and Menzel 2002; Hughes 2003; Parmesan and Yohe 2003; Root et al. 2003). The study of recurring natural (or biological) events, often in relation to climate, is known as phenology. These studies typically record event...

Phenology is an indicator of the impact of climate on vegetation. As the representation of human activities, urbanization affects vegetation phenology by changing the local climate such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, etc. Recent studies starts to focus on the impacts of urbanization intensity on phenology. In order to understand the relationship between urbanization intensity and phenolo...

Phenological changes within a growth season were investigated in two grazed, seminatural grasslands in southern Sweden. On four occasions during the growth season, two independent observers recorded plant frequency and percentage cover. The vegetation data sets were analysed with ordination methods. The temporal changes were highly significant, but accounted for only a small part of the total v...

In the context of defining a procedure for near real time land use/land cover (LULC) mapping with seasonal updated products, this research examines the use of time-series and phenological indicators from MODIS NDVI. 16-day NDVI composites from MODIS (MOD13Q1) covering the period from 2001 to the present were acquired for three test sites located in different parts of Europe. The newly proposed ...

We present an online database that provides unrestricted and free access to over 16 million plant phenological observations from over 8,000 stations in Central Europe between the years 1880 and 2009. Unique features are (1) a flexible and unrestricted access to a full-fledged database, allowing for a wide range of individual queries and data retrieval, (2) historical data for Germany before 195...

Understanding and interpreting the temporal variations of the vegetation growth can provide valuable information on its dynamics and in case of crops provide an estimate of the phenological milestones that can help describe the crop. The focus of this work is to use the phenological parameters derived from MODIS EVI time series composite data to map the variability in cropping practices. These ...

A plausible case of allochronic differentiation, where barrier to gene flow is primarily attributable to a phenological shift, was recently discovered in Portugal for the pine processionary moth Thaumetopoea pityocampa. Previous results suggested that the observed 'summer population' (SP) originated from the sympatric winter population (WP). Our objectives were to finely analyse these patterns ...