The decomposition of cystine by alkaline reagents has received much study, particularly in recent years by Gortner and his collaborators (1) and by Andrews (2). Consideration of the results obtained by these workers leads to the conclusion that the process is far from simple, apparently consisting of a series of successive reactions, possibly accompanied by simultaneous side reactions. The expe...

In the 21st century, increased farming activities have harmed both ecosystems and agricultural systems on Earth. This is because of misuse mineral fertilizers toxic plant protection products. To obtain “elicitor” extract, rhizobacteria were grown in a thermostat for 3 days then subjected to autoclaving at temperature 120°C 1 atm. 20 minutes. Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Pseudomonas are three most...

Titanium porphyrin hydrazido complexes (TTP)Ti = NNR2 (TTP = meso-tetra-p-tolylporphyrinato dianion; R = Me (1), Ph (2)) were synthesized by treatment of (TTP)TiCl2 with 1,1-disubstituted hydrazines H2NNR2 (R = Me, Ph) in the presence of piperdine. The nucleophilic character of the hydrazido moiety was demonstrated in the reactions of complexes 1 and 2 with p-chlorobenzaldehyde, which yielded t...

In the further research and synthesis of highly bioactive 3-methylrhodanine derivatives, preparation benzylidene rhodanines followed by bicyclization to form pyrazole compounds has been undertaken. Using a convenient simple method, twelve have synthesized including six rhodanine derivatives ranging from good excellent yield, with four phenylhydrazone two at low yield. The structures all were el...

Stomatal conductance is coupled to leaf photosynthetic rate over a broad range of environmental conditions. We have investigated the extent to which chloroplasts in guard cells may contribute to this coupling through their photosynthetic activity. Guard cells were isolated by sonication of abaxial epidermal peels of Vicia faba. The electrochromic band shift of isolated guard cells was probed in...

Previous work has shown that the respiratory control or coupling exhibited by reconstituted cytochrome oxidase systems can be markedly sensitive to the lipid composition, the lipid to protein ratio, and the vesicle size. In this work we have attempted to ascertain which, if any, of these factors plays a definitive role in determining the observed coupling. Vesicles prepared from dioleoylphospha...

The coupling of aromatic diazo compounds with compounds containing a reactive methylene group to form 'mixed' azo compounds (tautomeric with hydrazones) was recognized as a general reaction following Meyer's (1877) synthesis of phenylazoacetoacetic ester from benzenediazohydroxide and ethyl acetoacetate. Japp & Klingemann (1888) found that when equimolar amounts of acetoacetic acid and benzened...

The role of mitochondria in the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP in the early steps of seed germination has been studied. Mitochondria were extracted from dry sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seeds. Adenylate kinase-dependent ATP synthesis was inhibited by p(1),p(5)-di(adenosine-5')pentaphosphate. Synthesis of ATP was observed with the different substrates: citrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, succinate, ma...