Dreissenid mussels were first documented in the Laurentian Great Lakes in the late 1980s. Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) spread quickly into shallow, hard-substrate areas; quagga mussels (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) spread more slowly and are currently colonizing deep, offshore areas. These mussels occur at high densities, filter large water volumes while feeding on suspended materia...

High specific capacity battery electrode materials have attracted great research attention. Phosphorus as a low-cost abundant material has a high theoretical specific capacity of 2596 mAh/g with most of its capacity at the discharge potential range of 0.4-1.2 V, suitable as anodes. Although numerous research progress have shown other high capacity anodes such as Si, Ge, Sn, and SnO2, there are ...

As early as 1911 Greenwald (1) showed that one of the first detectable results of the removal of the parathyroid glands was a decreased excretion of phosphorus in the urine. In 1913 he (2) extended these studies to show that the effect was on phosphorus directly and not on sodium or potassium. Some years later Greenwald (3) again drew attention to these findings. However, little emphasis was gi...

Mathematical models that describe the retention reactions of contaminants in the soil system are presented. Single and multireaction-type models for simultaneous retention and transport in the soil profile are discussed. Single retention models are classified into two types: equilibrium and kinetic models. Emphasis is given to the nonlinearity and kinetic behavior of solute retention processes ...

A laboratory-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) was fed with synthetic wastewater to investigate the possibility of simultaneous removal of organic, nitrogen and phosphorus by intermittent aeration. The MBR consists of two compartments using a microfiltration membrane with 0.2 μm pore size and a surface area of 0.35 m2. Hydraulic retention time was set at 24 hours and solid retention time 25 days....