Viruses employ an array of elaborate strategies to overcome plant defense mechanisms and must adapt to the requirements of the host translational systems. Pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) from Phytolacca americana is a ribosome inactivating protein (RIP) and is an RNA N-glycosidase that removes specific purine residues from the sarcin/ricin (S/R) loop of large rRNA, arresting protein synthesis ...

Pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) is a 29 kDa type I ribosome inactivating protein (RIP) found in pokeweed plants. Pokeweed produces different forms of PAP. This review focuses on the spring form of PAP isolated from Phytolacca americana leaves. PAP exerts its cytotoxicity by removing a specific adenine from the α-sarcin/ricin loop of the large ribosomal RNA. Besides depurination of the rRNA, PA...

sooty mold fungi are often associated with honeydew which insects secrete while feeding on the plant. a great variety of these fungi occur in the north of iran, especially on citrus ssp which is one of the most widely cultivated fruit trees in this region. during last 10 years, several collections of these fungi examined and 15 species have been recorded. in this paper seven previously unreport...

ABSTR ACT: Resveratrol was glucosylated to its 3and 4′-β-glucosides by the glucosyltransferase PaGT3 from Phytolacca americana expressed in Bacillus subtilis. PaGT3 glucosylated pterostilbene to its 4′-β-glucoside. Piceatannol was converted into its 4′-β-glucoside by PaGT3. Resveratrol 3-β-glucoside showed the inhibitory action of adhesion, migration, and invasion of KB cells. The resveratrol 3...

Poke weed mitogen (PWM), a lectin purified from Phytolacca americana is frequently used as a B cell-specific stimulus to trigger proliferation and immunoglobulin secretion. In the present study we investigated the mechanisms underlying the B cell stimulatory capacity of PWM. Strikingly, we observed that highly purified PWM preparations failed to induce B cell proliferation. By contrast, commerc...

Cadmium (Cd) is highly toxic to all organisms. Soil contamination by Cd has become an increasing problem worldwide due to the intensive use of Cd-containing phosphate fertilizers and industrial zinc mining. Phytolacca americana L. is a Cd hyperaccumulator plant that can grow in Cd-polluted areas. However, the molecular basis for its remarkable Cd resistance is not known. In this study, the effe...

This study synthesized resveratrol oligosaccharides (gluco oligosaccharides) by two-step enzymatic glycosylation, using glucosyltransferase from Phytolacca americana and cyclodextrin glucanotransferase. Although hardly crosses the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in mouse brain, incorporated into brain tissue crossed BBB. Our indicated that modified with might have gained a BBB-crossing ability. Furth...