retrofit of heat exchanger networks for energy saving and/or debottlenecking is one of important aspects of process engineering. pinch technology, as the most efficient tool for the analysis of these networks, has been applied to hundreds of such projects and shown satisfactory results. however, all the existing methods for debottlenecking, using pinch technology, are either based on assumed he...

The effects of mild stress on nonoxidative glucose metabolism were studied in the brain of the freely moving rat. Extracellular lactate levels in the hippocampus and striatum were monitored at 2.5-min intervals with microdialysis coupled with an enzyme-based flow injection analysis system. Ten minutes of restraint stress led to a 235% increase in extracellular lactate levels in the striatum. A ...

A variety of human diseases arise from mutations that alter muscle contraction. Evolutionary conservation allows genetic studies in Drosophila melanogaster to be used to better understand these myopathies and suggest novel therapeutic strategies. Integrin-mediated adhesion is required to support muscle structure and function, and expression of Integrin adhesive complex (IAC) proteins is modulat...

Grip, Key Pinch (KP), 3 Point Pinch (3PP) and 2 Point Pinch (2PP) strengths were measured twice weekly in 32 women with primary osteoarthritis of the hand (POAH) and 25 healthy women. Reproducibility was assessed by standard error of measurement (SEM) and the coefficient of variation (CV). Cutoff values for significant improvement or deterioration were determined and expressed, respectively, as...

The focal adhesion (FA) protein PINCH-1 is required for the survival of primitive endoderm (PrE) cells. How PINCH-1 regulates this fundamental process is not known. Here, we use embryoid bodies (EBs) and isolated EB-derived PrE cells to investigate the mechanisms by which PINCH-1 promotes PrE survival. We report that loss of PINCH-1 in PrE cells leads to a sustained activity of JNK and the pro-...