Magnetosonic waves (MSWs) can be discrete or continuous in a time-frequency spectrogram. For MSWs that satisfy the Chirikov resonance overlap criterion (CROC), spectrum regarded as and hence quasi-linear theory employed to calculate corresponding electron diffusion coefficient; otherwise, contribution of each harmonic emission coefficient should calculated separately. From Van Allen Probe-A (RB...

The review considers the current state of theory short-period ULF waves in plasma with admixture heavy ions (ions whose mass significantly exceeds protons). presence influences spectrum and propagation characteristics Pc1 range. We examine elements quasi-parallel quasi-perpendicular waves. It is usually suggested that ion-cyclotron have a left circular polarization. Quasi-perpendicular ion-ion ...

The presence of anisotropic plasma distributions, trapped at the Earth’s magnetic equator, has consequences for the electric field structure which must exist in equilibrium along the magnetic field line. Data from SCATHA and Dynamics Explorer 1indicated that the core ion distributions at the magnetic equator can be well described as bi-Maxwellian distributions, with a perpendicular temperature ...