Although animal manure is applied to agricultural fields for its nutrient value, it may also contain potential contaminants. To determine the variability in such contaminants as well valuable nutrients, nine uncomposted samples from Idaho dairies collected during 2.5 years were analyzed macro- and micro-nutrients, hormones, phytoestrogens, antibiotics, veterinary drugs, antibiotic resistance ge...

We recently developed the SiMPl plasmid toolbox, which is constituted by pairs of plasmids, generically indicated as pSiMPlx_N and pSiMPlx_C, can be stably maintained in Escherichia coli with a single antibiotic x. The method exploits split intein gp41–1 to reconstitute enzyme conferring resistance toward x, whereby each fragment expressed from one plasmids pair. pSiMPl are currently available ...

The idea behind the work is to check for residence of pesticide degrading genes in plasmids and transform them on an expression vector allowing degrade more efficiently. Seven different commercially used toxic pesticides were bioremediation study. Around 20 organisms first isolated based their tolerance, 11 further analysis. Each was subjected plasmid curing confirmed ability degradation plasmi...

We have altered the antibiotic resistance of the reporter plasmids and the pJG4-5 activation-domain and pEG202 DNA binding-domain plasmids used in the Brent interaction trap/two-hybrid system. These plasmids were each previously ampicillin-resistant, resulting in an inefficient purification of any one plasmid from a yeast strain containing all three plasmids that constitute the complete interac...

The distribution of the IncFI basic replicons among IncFIV plasmids was assessed by DNA hybridization. In addition these and 20 other plasmids from 16 incompatibility groups were screened for the presence of IncIV, an incompatibility determinant recently found on the IncFIV plasmid R124. The IncIV determinant was found commonly but not universally among the IncFIV plasmids. It was also detected...

Plasmids belonging to Escherichia coli incompatibility group Q are relatively small (approximately 5 to 15 kb) and able to replicate in a remarkably broad range of bacterial hosts. These include gram-positive bacteria such as Brevibacterium and Mycobacterium and gram-negative bacteria such as Agrobacterium, Desulfovibrio, and cyanobacteria. These plasmids are mobilized by several self-transmiss...

Members of the spirochete genus Borrelia contain large numbers of extrachromosomal DNAs. Sequence analysis of the B. burgdorferi strain B31 genome indicated that its many plasmids contain large quantities of repeated sequences, the most obvious of which are the cp32 plasmid family. Individual spirochetes may carry nine or more different, but homologous, cp32 plasmids. Every other species of Bor...

Plasmids allow the movement of genetic material, including antimicrobial resistance genes, between bacterial species and genera. They frequently mediate resistance to multiple antimicrobials and can result in the acquisition by a pathogen of resistance to all or most clinically relevant antimicrobials. Unfortunately, there are still large gaps in our understanding of how new multi-resistance pl...

Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of hospital, community and livestock-associated infections and is increasingly resistant to multiple antimicrobials. A significant proportion of antimicrobial-resistance genes are plasmid-borne, but only a minority of S. aureus plasmids encode proteins required for conjugative transfer or Mob relaxase proteins required for mobilisation. The pWBG749 family...

We have analyzed a panel of independent North American isolates of the Lyme disease agent spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu stricto), for the presence of linear plasmids with sequence similarities to the 12 linear plasmids present in the B. burgdorferi type strain, isolate B31. The frequency of similarities to probes from each of the 12 B31 plasmids varied from 13 to 100% in the strain pa...