The study investigated the effects of ‘low doses’ of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on hippocampal-related (spontaneous working-memory, memory-recall and anxiety) behaviours, and hippocampal glutamate/glutamine levels. A two-trial Y-maze test and 8-arm radial-arm maze spontaneous working-memory test were used to assess the effects of acute and repeated administration of MSG, on novel-arm choice on ...

Introduction: Sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor, may have various effects on the central nervous system via the nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway. Preclinical studies have shown the controversial effect of sildenafil on anxiety-like behavior in animals. This study was undertaken to investigate the acute effect of sildenafil on anxiety-like behavior...

The ventral subiculum (vSUB) confers inhibitory effects of the hippocampus on hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis responses to novelty and restraint. The current study was designed to evaluate the role of the vSUB in regulating HPA axis responses to stressors of diverse modalities. Male Sprague Dawley rats received bilateral ibotenic acid or saline injections into the region of the ...

Objective: The study was undertaken to compare the effect of ondansetron, granisetron and alprazolam on anxiety in rats. Materials and Methods: Elevated plus maze and Open field test were used to compare the effect of drugs on anxiety in rats. Six groups of rats were treated with 2% gum acacia orally, alprazolam 0.08mg/kg body weight of the rat orally, ondansetron (0.01mg/kg, 1mg/kg intraperito...

This review focuses on factors influencing behaviour in the elevated plus-maze, the holeboard and the social transmission of food preference. The elevated plus-maze provides independent measures of anxiety (percentage of time spent on open arms) and activity (number of closed arm entries) and can be used in both males and females. Important sex differences emerge in factor loadings, and, wherea...

The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of palmatine on memory of Swiss young male albino mice. Palmatine (0.1, 0.5, 1 mg/kg, i.p.) and physostigmine (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) per se were administered for 10 successive days to separate groups of mice. Effect of drugs on learning and memory of mice was evaluated using elevated plus maze and Morris water maze. Brain acetylcholinesterase act...

Female OF1 mice aged 17-18 months were compared with female OF1 mice aged 7-11 weeks for locomotor activity, pain sensitivity, and cognitive performance using the Morris water maze, passive and active avoidance, and the elevated plus-maze learning protocol. Performance of old mice was impaired compared to those of young mice for both locomotor activity, pain sensitivity, and the four cognitive ...