In order to compare connections of premotor cortical areas of New World monkeys with those of Old World macaque monkeys and prosimian galagos, we placed injections of fluorescent tracers and wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) in dorsal (PMD) and ventral (PMV) premotor areas of owl monkeys. Motor areas and injection sites were defined by patterns of movements electrically evo...

This paper reviews management strategies for patients undergoing prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV). Topics covered include how to identify and correct barriers to weaning, the systematic approach to weaning trials, when to cease weaning trials and proceed with life-long support, managing the tracheostomy tube during PMV, and, finally, how to select a suitable mechanical ventilator for PMV.

INTRODUCTION Patients who require prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) are increasing and producing financial burdens worldwide. This study determines the cost per QALY (quality-adjusted life year), out-of-pocket expenses, and lifetime costs for PMV patients stratified by underlying diseases and cognition levels. METHODS A nationwide sample of 50,481 patients with continual mechanical venti...

To assess the incidence and long-term evolution of left-to-right atrial shunting (AS) after the performance of percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty (PMV), venovenous indicator dilution curves and right heart oximetric measurements were obtained in 68 consecutive patients before and after successful PMV. The procedure increased the mitral valve area (p less than 0.0001) and decreased the mitral gra...

Interactions between the ventral premotor (PMv) and the primary motor cortex (M1) are crucial for transforming an object's geometrical properties, such as its size and shape, into a motor command suitable for grasp of the object. Recently, we showed that PMv interacts with M1 in a specific fashion, depending on the hand posture. However, the functional connectivity between PMv and M1 during the...

The killing effect of peppermint vapor (PMV) against pink-slime forming microorganisms, Methylobacterium mesophilicum as a bacterium and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa as a yeast, was investigated by the agar vapor assay. In this method, microbial cells were spread over the agar surface exposed to PMV in a petri dish, and then transferred into a recovery liquid. When 60μl of the peppermint liquid was...

In order to create more comfortable and energy saving living spaces, we have to investigate what is comfortable and how to measure comfort of users in a living space. Some measures of thermal comfort have been defined as Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD) as an international standard. However, complex and high cost equipments are required to measure PMV by con...

OBJECTIVE To identify parameters associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) (>48 h) after off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) in our patient population. MATERIALS AND METHODS From February 2001 to November 2005, we operated on 1359 patients for isolated coronary revascularization with the pi-circuit technique, consisting of: (1) beating heart, (2) OPCAB, (3) aorta no-touch, (4...

For this study, empirical data on the thermal comfort parameters (i.e. room space temperature, velocity and relative humidity) was collected for the computation of the PMV and PPD thermal comfort index for the three flat types. The study shows that wind ventilation has a great effect on the interior comfort condition. This is evident from the diurnal variations of PMV values. Majority of the da...

The pathogenesis and tissue damage that accompanies destruction of platelets in immune thrombocytopenias (IT) is still not understood very well and in addition to platelets, other cells (e.g. endothelial cells, CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitors) may also become affected. Based on our previous work that platelet antigens (e.g., CD41) may be transferred by platelet-derived microvesicles (PMV) ...