A robot joint with two hydraulic actuators, one being redundant, is described. Two methods are proposed for allocating actuation e ort in terms of the solutions of minimum-norm problems. In each case, a particular physical interpretation is given. A robust pid controller derived from robust servomechanism theory and a robust controller based on the H1-optimal sensitivity minimization method are...

background: achalasia is the most recognized esophageal motor disorder with an unknown etiology. symptoms rather than physical findings are hallmarks of the disease. modalilies for treatment include pharmacologic, botulinum toxin injection, pneumatic dilation and surgery. materials and methods: to review the diagnostic and therapeutic options currently available for achalasia. a medline search ...

achalasia is a well- defined esophageal motor disorder. graded pneumatic dilation using rigiflex ballon is one of the therapeutic modalities that had not been evaluated in a large long-term study. we aimed at evaluating long-term efficacy of graded rigiflex pneumatic dilation in the treatment of achalasia. symptomatic patients with achalasia who had been referred to our center were consecutivel...

Prior to the widespread adoption of electrical and electronic controls, buildings often used pneumatic control systems. Large and powerful compressors drove 3psi to 15psi pneumatic signals throughout a plant and these pneumatic lines connected to pneumatically controlled valves and pneumatically controlling valves in order to drive proportional controls and actuators throughout the building, al...

Pneumatic actuators convert pneumatic energy into mechanical motion. This motion can be linear or rotary. Linear motion is feasible with pneumatic cylinders (e. g. single-acting cylinder, double-acting cylinder, rodless cylinder) and pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs). Pneumatic artificial muscle is the newest and most promising type of pneumatic actuators. PAM is a membrane that expands radia...

This paper attempts to achieve time-optimal performance for servomechanisms via a practical feedback control law. An improvement over the traditional Proximate Time Optimal Servomechanism (PTOS) is proposed in order to eliminate the conservatism present in the controller. The original PTOS switches from the nonlinear approximation of Time Optimal Control (TOC) to a linear controller as the syst...

OBJECTIVE To show the efficacy and comfort of pneumatic bag packing after the endoscopic nasal surgery. Pneumatic bag packing may be recommendable in terms of comfort and efficacy after endoscopic nasal surgery. Significant findings: There were statistical significant differences between the pneumatic bag packing and the expansive sponge packing regarding subjective symptoms and objective findi...

Pneumatic actuators convert pneumatic energy into mechanical motion. This motion can be linear or rotary. Linear motion is feasible with pneumatic cylinders (e. g. single-acting cylinder, double-acting cylinder, rodless cylinder) and pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs). Pneumatic artificial muscle is the newest and most promising type of pneumatic actuators. PAM is a membrane that expands radia...

This project aims to develop a novel large stroke asymmetric pneumatic servo system of a hardware-in-the-loop for path tracking control under variable loads based on the MATLAB Simulink real-time system. High pressure compressed air provided by the air compressor is utilized for the pneumatic proportional servo valve to drive the large stroke asymmetric rod-less pneumatic actuator. Due to the p...