<p>W powszechnej opinii demokracja liberalna przechodzi bardzo poważny kryzys. Poszukując jego źródeł wyróżnić można trzy płaszczyzny: ekonomiczną, polityczną i kulturową. Przy czym w debacie publicznej dość rzadko, poza postawieniem diagnozy o kryzysie demokracji liberalnej, prezentuje się możliwe metody przezwyciężenia. Tym samym zapomina się, że podstawą dla właściwego funkcjonowania l...

This article tests contextual and individual-level explanations of the gender gap in political knowledge in Latin American countries. It suggests that this gap is impacted by political and economic settings through two interrelated mechanisms: gender accessibility (that is, the extent of available opportunities for women to influence the political agenda) and gender-bias signaling (that is, the...

Political knowledge is unevenly distributed, and those with the highest amounts are concentrated amongst the politically and socially advantaged. The socioeconomic heterogeneity within the Latino electorate in the United States exemplifies such a distribution. This paper analyzes how political information influences a Latino voter’s use of non-policy campaign messages for the 2000 presidential ...

islam is a value maker religion; it has fought against the values that are abnormal and incongruent with human dignity, and has established a system based on divine and humane values. imam ali (peace be upon him) is considered the best exegete of islam and quran whose soul is united with quranic knowledge and whose life is associated with it. in the light of the foregoing points and with an emp...

In “Any Good News in Soft News?” Markus Prior investigates whether, beyond enhancing their attentiveness to select political issues (Baum, 2002a), consumers also learn about politics from soft news. He presents evidence suggesting that the audience for soft news is much smaller than that for hard news, and that a self-expressed preference for soft news outlets is associated with at most sporadi...

Despite dramatic increases in available political information through cable television and the Internet, political knowledge and turnout have not changed noticeably. To explain this seeming paradox, I argue that greater media choice makes it easier for people to find their preferred content. People who like news take advantage of abundant political information to become more knowledgeable and m...