In flowering plants, the egg develops within a haploid embryo sac (female gametophyte) that is encased within the pistil. The haploid pollen grain (male gametophyte) extends a pollen tube that carries two sperm cells within its cytoplasm to the embryo sac. This feat requires rapid, precisely guided, and highly polarized growth through, between, and on the surface of the cells of the stigma, sty...

Previous genetic studies have revealed that a pollen-specific calmodulin-binding protein, No Pollen Germination 1 (NPG1), is required for pollen germination. However, its mode of action is unknown. Here we report direct interaction of NPG1 with pectate lyase-like proteins (PLLs). A truncated form of AtNPG1 lacking the N-terminal tetratricopeptide repeat 1 (TPR1) failed to interact with PLLs, su...

Salinity is considered as one of important physical factors influencing rice (Oryza sativa L.) production. Knowledge of salinity effects on rice seedling growth and yieldcomponents would improve management practices in fields andincrease our understanding of salt tolerance mechanisms in rice. This study was designed to assess the role of Saltol QTL in regards to effects of salinity on plant gro...

Investigation of male sterility mutations is an effective approach for identification of genes involved in anther and pollen development. The comparison of “cytological phenotypes” of newly induced mutants with phenotypes determined by already known genes favors elucidation of genetic control of diverse microsporoand gametogenesis stages. In this paper, we describe pollen development in the gra...

Earth’s biodiversity has been suffering the effects of human contamination, and as a result there are many species of plants and animals that are dying. Automatic recognition of pollen species by means of computer vision helps to locate specific species and through this identification, study all the diseases and predators which affect this specie, so biologist can improve methods to preserve th...

In plant reproduction, pollination is the initial key process in bringing together the male and female gametophytes. When a pollen grain lands on the surface of the stigma, information is exchanged between the pollen and stigmatic cell to determine whether the pollen grain will be accepted or rejected. If it is accepted, the stigmatic papilla cell supplies water and other resources to the polle...

This study aimed to evaluate the rate of ecogenotoxicity caused by traffic emissions at sites in the vicinity of roads and at sites near planned highway construction using a pollen grain abortion assay with higher wild plant species. The relationship between pollen grain abortivity and distance from a road also was assessed. The highest values were found at a distance of 30 m, where the prevail...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Microsporogenesis leading to monosulcate pollen grains has already been described for a wide range of monocot species. However, a detailed study of additional callose deposition after the completion of the cleavage walls has been neglected so far. The study of additional callose deposition in monosulcate pollen grain has gained importance since a correlation between addition...

The effect of high temperatures on harvest index (HI) and morphological components that contribute to HI was investigated in two lines (Bd21 and Bd21-3) of Brachypodium distachyon, a C3 grass recognized as a tractable plant, to address critical issues associated with enhancing cereal crop yields in the presence of global climate change. The results demonstrated that temperatures ≥32 °C eliminat...