We develop a performance model for a polymer electrolyte membrane based regenerative hydrogen-bromine fuel cell (rHBFC). The model includes four voltage loss mechanisms: ohmic loss through the membrane, hydrogen electrode activation, bromine electrode activation, and bromine electrode mass transport. We explore a large parameter space by looking at the dependences of each of these losses as a f...

A novel potentiometric solid-state reference electrode containing single-walled carbon nanotubes as the transducer layer between a polyacrylate membrane and the conductor is reported here. Single-walled carbon nanotubes act as an efficient transducer of the constant potentiometric signal originating from the reference membrane containing the Ag/AgCl/Cl(-) ions system, and they are needed to obt...

Here, a simple, quick, Low cost and sensitive Potentiometric method is described for tramadol hydrochloride measurement using .PVC membrane electrode based on neutral ligand (E)-N'-(1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethylidene)benzohydrazid. Besides, effect of various parameters like ionic additives, membrane solvent and pH on the Potentiometric response of the electrode are investigated. The best electrode p...

Recent progress in the design of new polymer membrane-based potentiometric ion-, gas- and bio-selective electrodes in chemistry laboratories at the University of Michigan (Ann Arbor) is reviewed. Emphasis is placed on describing the performance of devices for measuring anions (e.g., salicylate, thiocyanate, chloride and heparin) and gases (e.g., ammonia, carbon dioxide and oxygen) in biological...

a pvc membrane cr(iii) ion selective electrode has been constructed using 2h-1,4-benzothioazine-2,3(4h)dione dioxime (btd) as membrane carrier. the influence of membrane composition on the electroderesponse was studied. the electrode exhibits a nernstian response over a cr(iii) concentration range of 1.0 x10 6 to 1.0>< 10-1 m (r = 0.99) with a slope of 19.5 ± 0.5 mv per decade of concentration,...

a pvc membrane ni(ii) ion selective electrode has been constructed using (1e,2e)-bis(2-aminophenyl)n'1,n'2-dihydroxyethanebis as membrane carrier. the electrode exhibited a goodpotentiometric response for ni(ii) over a wide concentration range 1.0×10-4 to 1.0×10-1m with aslope of 29.4±0.5 mv/decade a and a working ph range of 6.5-9.0. it had a fast response time of≤20s. the best performance was...

a pvc membrane ni(ii) ion selective electrode has been constructed using (1e,2e)-bis(2-aminophenyl)n&apos;1,n&apos;2-dihydroxyethanebis as membrane carrier. the electrode exhibited a goodpotentiometric response for ni(ii) over a wide concentration range 1.0×10-4 to 1.0×10-1m with aslope of 29.4±0.5 mv/decade a and a working ph range of 6.5-9.0. it had a fast response time of≤20s. the best perfo...

Zirconium oxy-salts were hydrolyzed to form positively charged polymer or cluster species in acidic solutions. The zirconium hydrolyzed polymer was found to react with a negatively charged polyelectrolyte, such as poly(vinyl sulfate), and to form a stoichiometric polyion complex. Thus, colloidal titration with poly(vinyl sulfate) was applied to measure the zirconium concentration in an acidic s...

The purpose of this paper is to define needs for improved membrane and catalyst materials that would accelerate commercialization of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells (PEFCs) in automobiles. Starting with system and cost considerations, we define targets for membrane operating temperature, conductivity vs. relative humidity, gas permeability, and water uptake. To consider the catalysts needs, we e...