A philosophical meditation on the open source movement as a mechanism for the design and distribution of software is presented. As a development paradigm, the open source method is depicted as being a radical novelty in the gamut of engineering phenomena and an exemplary metaphor for postmodernist design.

How can we design good goals for arbitrarily intelligent agents? Reinforcement learning (RL) is a natural approach. Unfortunately, RL does not work well for generally intelligent agents, as RL agents are incentivised to shortcut the reward sensor for maximum reward – the so-called wireheading problem. In this paper we suggest an alternative to RL called value reinforcement learning (VRL). In VR...

When talking about unfair competition, business ethics has to be involved, which means to judge whether the competition is fair or not is very much ethical debate. And its connotation is also evolving along with the development of social economy, so in this sense, defining “fair competition” or “unfair competition” is very difficult. Therefore, whether it is related to international conventions...

The notion of ‘wireheading’, or direct reward centre stimulation of the brain, is a wellknown concept in neuroscience. In this paper, we examine the corresponding issue of reward (utility) function integrity in artificially intelligent machines. We survey the relevant literature and propose a number of potential solutions to ensure the integrity of our artificial assistants. Overall, we conclud...

When thinking about the future, people tend to envision dramatically advanced technology, architecture that resembles something from another planet, and social norms that have shifted in radical ways—all of it vivid, dynamic, and exciting. What people don’t realize is that the story they tell themselves about the future actually has rules. The mind applies these rules to ensure that people arri...

In my thesis, I examine the discursive space of the detective fiction genre following Kasai Kiyoshi’s periodization in his two-volume seminal work Tantei shōsetsuron (The Theory of Detective Fiction, 1998). I investigate how Japanese detective fiction has developed in relation to Japan’s modernization, industrialization, nationalism, and globalization, specifically in the 1920s-30s, the 1950s-6...

In this article, I discuss the implications of postmodernism on religious thought, with special reference to Islamic thought. Firstly, nature and characteristics postmodernist thinking, different schools thought/’postmodernisms’ that fall under rubric. My contention is a response modernism rather than religion, although it has Secondly, examine compare points between post-modernism. then argue ...