Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) has a protective role in several neurological diseases. The present study investigated the effect of the PPAR-γ agonist, pioglitazone, on the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in a rat model of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced status epilepticus (SE). The investigation proceeded in two stages. First, the course of activat...

It has been previously shown that peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) is beneficial for nervous system injury. In present study, we examined the effect of rosiglitazone, a PPAR-γ agonist, on spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. SCI was induced by dropping a 10g weight rod at a height of 25mm. The animals were randomly divided into vehicle group, rosiglitazone treated group, ...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR γ), is important in the immunoregulation of the allergic response. Mast cells are the most important inflammatory cells in immediate hypersensitivity and allergic diseases. However, there is limited information regarding the effects of PPAR γ on mast cell maturation. In the present study, mouse bone marrow‑derived mast cells (BMMCs) were cu...

PURPOSE We investigated the mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α, PPAR-γ, adipokines, and cytokines in the lung tissue of lean and obese mice with and without ovalbumin (OVA) challenge, and the effect of rosiglitazone, a PPAR-γ agonist. METHODS We developed 6 mice models: OVA-challenged lean mice with and without rosiglitazone; obese mice with and without rosigli...

In the present study, we investigated the effect of PPAR ligands on progesterone (P4) and 17β-estradiol (E2) secretion, as well as 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ(5)-Δ(4) isomerase (3β-HSD) mRNA expression, in porcine endometrial slices collected on days 10–12 and 14–16 of the estrous cycle or early pregnancy. The explants were incubated in vitro for 6 h in the presence of PPARα ligands – WY-...

ALA (α-lipoic acid) is a natural, endogenous antioxidant that acts as a PPAR-γ (peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ) agonist to counteract oxidative stress. Thus far, the antioxidative and immunomodulatory effects of ALA on EAE (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis) are not well understood. In this study, we found that ALA restricts the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the ...

mouse embryonic stem cells (es) are pluripotent cell lines derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst. their properties include self renewal and capacity to differentiate into different cell types. neural differentiation of es cells has been achieved by several different protocols such as treating with retinoic acid and serum decreasing in culture media. the ppars (peroxisome proliferat...

Endothelial lesion response to injurious stimuli is a necessary step for initiating inflammatory cascades in blood vessels. Hypaphorine (Hy) from different marine sources is shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. However, the potential roles and possible molecular mechanisms of Hy in endothelial inflammation have yet to be fully clarified. We showed that Hy significantly inhibited the p...

Introduction In a recent study published in “ARYA atherosclerosis,” Pourmoghaddas et al. reported that administration of pioglitzone in non-diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome had no positive effect on inflammatory markers including high sensitive C-reactive protein, interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).1 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligan...